Sexual vs Asexual Reproduction
What is the difference between the "parents" in sexual vs asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction has only one parent where in sexual reproduction there are two parents.
How many chromosomes do humans have? How many chromosome pairs do humans have?
46 chromosomes, 23 pairs of chromosomes
List the four stages of mitosis in order.
P - Prophase
M - metaphase
A - anaphase
T - telophase
Fill in the blank. Out of control cell reproduction can produce a mass of cells called a _______.
tumor
True or false? Organisms grow bigger when their cells get bigger?
False. Organism growth occurs when more and more cellular division occurs to make more cells.
What is the difference in the offspring of asexual vs sexual reproduction?
What does a cell have to do before it divides?
Duplicate its DNA.
What happens during metaphase?
Chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell and the spindle fibers attach at the centromeres.
What is radiation therapy?
Using radiation to try to destroy a tumor.
How does cellular division relate to wounds?
When the skin is wounded old damaged cells must be replaced by new healthy ones. Cellular division then begins to make new skins cells to fill in the wound.
What is sexual reproduction?
What happens during the S stage of interphase?
What stage comes before mitosis begins? What important events happen during this phase?
Interphase: DNA replication
What is chemotherapy?
Using chemicals to try to destroy a tumor.
What are two reasons that cells divide to make new cells?
What is asexual reproduction?
Production of offspring using genetic information from only one parent to make genetically identical offspring.
What is chromatin? What are chromosomes? How are the two related?
Chromatin is the mixture of DNA and proteins the condenses to become chromosomes during mitosis.
What happens during anaphase?
Chromosomes are pulled apart by the spindle fibers.
What is cancer?
A disease caused by uncontrolled cellular division.
Where is the genetic information in eukaryotic cells found?
Nucleus.
Where do all of the cells in the human body originate from?
All cells in the human body originate from an initial fertilized egg cell.
What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?
Mitosis is the division of the chromosomes and nucleus and cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.
How does cytokinesis differ in plant and animal cells?
In plant cells a cell plate grows and forms into a cell wall to separate new cells. In animal cells a cleavage furrow forms to pinch apart the two new cells.
What is the difference between benign and a malignant tumor?
Benign tumors are made of non-cancerous cells and usually do not cause harm or spread where malignant tumors are made of cancerous cells and can cause harm and spread.
Show me the hand signs we learned for the stages of the cellular division. Tell me briefly what happens at each stage.
Interphase: chromosomes are not condensed (chromatin spaghetti), nuclear membrane is present, DNA replicates
Prophase: nuclear membrane dissembles, chromosomes condense
Metaphase: chromosomes line up at the middle
Anaphase: chromosomes are pulled apart
Telophase: nuclear membrane comes back, chromosomes uncoil
Cytokinesis: cytoplasms split