Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle
DNA Replication
Mitosis
Mitosis
100
What are the four phases of the cell cycle?
G1, S, G2, and M
100
What happens during S phase?
DNA in the cell is replicated (copied) during S phase
100
What is the first step of DNA replication?
DNA is unwound and split by helicase
100
What are the four phases of mitosis (in order)?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
100
What happens during anaphase?
Spindle fibers separate chromosomes into sister chromatids and pull them to either side of the cell
200
What happens to most cells that just finished mitosis?
They start the cell cycle all over again
200
Why is S phase important for the cell?
Without S phase, daughter cells would only have half of the genetic material that is needed
200
What is the second step of DNA replication?
DNA polymerase places DNA nucleotides on each of the split DNA strands
200
What parts of the cell cycle are a part of interphase?
Interphase is made up of G1, S, and G2
200
What happens during telophase?
The cell pinches in the middle, creating a cleavage furrow The nuclear membranes begin to appear The chromosomes decondense into chromatin
300
What is the goal of the cell cycle?
The goal of the cell cycle is to produce two identical daughter cells
300
What happens to the cell during G2 phase?
The cell checks itself during G2
300
What does semi-conservative mean?
DNA strands have one side that is old and one side that is new
300
What is the purpose of mitosis?
The purpose of mitosis is to divide the nucleus of a cell
300
What happens during cytokinesis?
The cell separates into two identical daughter cells
400
What is the purpose of G1 (Gap 1)?
The cell grows during gap 1
400
What is the purpose of mitosis?
The purpose of mitosis is to divide the cell
400
In what part of the cell does DNA replication occur?
DNA replication occurs in the nucleus
400
What happens during prophase?
The cell prepares to divide by condensing chromatin into chromosomes, dissolving the nuclear membrane, and beginning to make spindle fibers
400
Why is anaphase important?
Anaphase is important because it equally separates DNA to each side of the cell.
500
Why is it important that the cell grows before mitosis?
If cells did not grow, the daughter cells would be half the size of the original cell
500
What does the cell check during G2 phase?
The cell checks to make sure the cell has grown and the genetic material was properly copied
500
If a cell has 6 strands of DNA before S phase, how many strands will the cell contain after S phase?
The cell will copy DNA strands and will have 12 strands
500
What happens during metaphase?
Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of chromosomes and line them up along the cell's equator
500
What is chromatin?
Chromatin is DNA when it is very thin and almost invisible within the nucleus.
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