mitosis
This is a asexual cell division that occurs in somatic/ body cells. It creates 2 identical daughter cells. Cells remain diploid (2n-2n)
Mitosis
2 rounds of cell division, 4 non genetically identical daughter cells produced. cells become haploid (2n-1n) sexual reproduction.
meiosis
nuclear membrane dismantle spindle fibers form again
prophase 2
centrosome
plant cell= cell plate cleavage furrow= animal cells
cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm
cytokinesis
This is where the nuclear membrane is dismantled. Spindle Fibers form. 92 chromosomes pair up; now chromatids bound by centromere. Form 23 tetrads.
Prophase 1
centromeric spindle fibers attach to each side of the centromere. chromosomes line up at the metaphase 2 plate
metaphase 2
Part of the chromosomes where the sister chromatids attach.
centromeres
uncontrolled cell growth, checkpoints are annoyed. cell division suicide gene isn't triggered.
What causes cancer
prophase, pro metaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telaphase. (division of nucleus)
ppmat
centrosomes line up at metaphase plate, 23 tetrads
metaphase 1
centromere separated chromatids (now chromosomes) pulled towards opposite poles.
anaphase 2
the mixing of alleles across homologous chromosomes. occurs during prophase 1, sister chromatids intertwine.
crossing over
review the chromosomal disorder (down syndrome= trisomy, kleimfelter's syndrome=xxy, turner syndrome=x0, trisomy 13)
karyotetyping
4 single chromosomes
tetrads
centromeres do not divide, sister chromatids stay joined as they are pulled to opposite poles (23 chromosomes are pulled into each new cell (2)).
anaphase 1
nuclear membrane forms again cytokinesis occurs (each of the 4 new cells will know have 23 chromatids, NOW CALLED CHROMOSOMES) goes from 2n-n. Each new cell is haploid and genetically unique.
telaphase 2
these are found in the centrizones (only in animal cells) hairs.
centrioles
diploid="2" haploid="1/2"
diploid and haploid
Spindle fiber break down nucleus/nucleolus 2 distinct nuclei each with 46 chromosomes 4n-2n
telaphase
nuclear membrane reforms each daughter cells has 23 chromosomes (46 chromatids)
telophase 1
this is not true about homologous chromosomes
the answers contain identical genes
binary fission is asexual reproduction in bacteria/prokaryotes. Budding is asexual reproduction that happens in yeast and hydra.
binary fission and budding
stores dna and histone proteins.
chromatid