Chromosomes & Cells
How many chromosomes does a zygote have in humans?
46
What is the main purpose of mitosis?
Growth and repair
What is the function of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
Ensure accuracy before continuing to the next phase (inspection stations)
What is one main difference between cancer cells and normal cells?
Cancer cells ignore checkpoints
Cancer cells divide uncontrollably
In which phase do normal cells spend most of their time?
Interphase
After mitosis, how many chromosomes will Cell B have if the original zygote had 46?
46
In which phase do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
What does G1 checkpoint look for?
-Cell size
-Resources/nutrients
-DNA
Which type of cells move faster through the cell cycle?
Cancer Cells
What percentage of normal stomach cells are in Interphase?
88%
What type of cell division produces two identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
During which phase do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase
If cyclin D is mutated, which checkpoint is interrupted?
Checkpoint 1
What is the total time normal stomach cells spend in the cell cycle according to the data?
625 minutes
What phase has the fewest cells in both normal and cancerous tissues?
Anaphase
In which stage is the cell growing and performing normal functions?
Interphase (G1, S, G2)
What might happen if a checkpoint fails?
Uncontrolled cell growth or cancer
What is the total time cancerous stomach cells spend in the cycle?
448 minutes
What does the data suggest about the rate of cell division in cancerous tissue?
Cancer cells divide more frequently
What type of cell can become any other type of cell?
Stem Cell
What ensures that each new cell receives an identical set of chromosomes?
Checkpoints during the cell cycle
DNA replication and chromosome separation during mitosis
During which phase is the DNA checked for replication errors?
G2 checkpoint
Based on the data, how do cancer cells behave differently than normal cells?
Spend less time in the cell cycle and divide faster
How does mitosis support complex, interconnected systems in organisms?
By producing identical cells for growth, maintenance, and repair