Vocabulary
What is a chromosomes?
A thread like structure that is composed of DNA.
What does PMAT Stand for?
P-Prophase
M-Metaphase
A-Anaphase
T-Telophase
How many daughter cells does meiosis produce?
4 unique daughter cells
If humans have 23 haploid cells, how many diploid cells do they have?
46
If a diploid cells has 208 chromosomes, how many haploid cells do they have?
104
What is a zygote?
A fertilization between 2 gametes (Sperm and Egg Cells).
Define homologous Chromosomes?
they are 2 chromosomes in a pair.
One from Mother, and One from Father
Do humans rely on meiosis?
True or False
True-Humans do rely on meiosis
What cells in a living organism are haploid?
Egg and Sperms Cells
What cells in a living organism are diploid?
Blood cells, skin cells, and muscle cells.
What are somatic cells?
Any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells inside of an organism.
Define sister chromatids?
Two identical copies of the same chromosome formed by DNA replication
What type of daughter cells does meiosis produce?
They produce haploid daughter cells
At what stage of the cell cycle do cells become haploid?
During prophase 2.
A diploid cell has how many times more chromosomes than haploid cell?
Diploid have 2 times the amount of chromosomes.
What are Gametes? What are the different types of gametes?
They are a reproductive cell of an organism
Female-Eggs cells
Males- Sperm cells
What happens during the G1 phase?
The cell grows so it is prepared for DNA replication
A which stage during meiosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?
They separate during anaphase 2.
Does a haploid cell have chromatids?
Each chromosome has one chromatid.
If a male haploid combines with a female haploid during fertilization, what do they become?
They form diploid cells.
What is the difference between a diploid and haploid cell?
Haploid cells has a single set of chromosomes while diploid cells has 2 sets of chromosomes.
What is the purpose of interphase?
It prepares the cells for cell division
Why is meiosis important?
List three reasons
sexual reproduction of diploid organisms,
it enables genetic diversity
repair of genetic defects.
If an organism has 4 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would they have in each body cell?
2 chromosomes each.
Why is a diploid number important?
It is so the number of chromosomes remain a constant value, and also the number of chromosomes stay the same through multiple generations.