Mitosis
Which cells undergo mitosis?
Somatic cells
Which cells undergo meiosis?
Gametes
How many chromosomes are in the beginning of Mitosis?
46
List the phases of the cell cycle
G1, S, G2, M
Two of these make up the centrosome
Centromeres
What phase begins in anaphase and has nuclei move away from each other making the cell separate?
Cytokinesis
T/F: Meiosis occurs via somatic cells
False, (via primordial germ cells)
The amount of chromosomes at the end of anaphase
92
What is there longest phase in cell division?
Metaphase
What forms the mitotic spindle?
Microtubules
What phase do the motor proteins split the sister chromatids?
Anaphase
In what phase do pairs move to opposite ends of the cell by motor proteins (sister chromatids don’t separate)?
Anaphase 1
How many chromosomes are present in each cell after Meiosis 2?
23
Stage of the cycle is where DNA replication occurs, making sure each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genome
S phase
What protein does DNA wrap around?
Histones
What phase does the nuclear envelope break up and the centrosomes move to opposite ends of the cell?
Prophase
In prophase 1 crossing over: each pair needs ____ and the ___ ___ holds pairs together.
Chiasmata, synaptonemal complex
How many chromatids are present after Anaphase I?
92
Stage of the cycle when the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication.
G1 Phase
What forms in the middle of an animal cell during cytokinesis? What forms during a plant cell?
Cleavage Furrow, Cell Plate
What protein aids in the separation of a cell during cytokinesis?
Actin
What are the key differences between meiosis 1 and 2?
In Meiosis 1, homologous chromosomes separate, in Meiosis 2, sister chromatids separate (results in 4 haploid daughter cells)
If n=13, how many chromatids are present in each cell at the end of Telophase II?
26
Stage is characterized by cell division, where both mitosis and cytokinesis occur.
M phase
This checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle microtubules so that sister chromatids will split evenly before the cell proceeds to anaphase
Spindle Checkpoint