4.7 The Human Life Cycle
Which contains mRNA: the sperm or the egg?
Egg
What is a chromosome?
An organized package of DNA that is formed during cell division
The ____ checkpoint occurs in Metaphase.
M
The job of meiosis __ is to duplicate the DNA and separate the homologs from one another.
I
This specific diploid cell results from the union of two gametes.
Zygote
These special proteins are bound to DNA to help keep the DNA from tangling and breaking when it is loosely arranged as chromatin.
Histones
This special structure on the DNA where chromosomes attach to microtubules is used in Metaphase and Anaphase.
Kinetochore
A cell has its haploid set of DNA, but still has its sister chromatids attached to one another. Has it been produced by meiosis I or meiosis II?
meiosis I
Four gametes of equal size are formed. Is this result of spermatogenesis or oogenesis?
Spermatogenesis
True or False: Each organism has its own number of chromosomes, which are present in pairs.
True
Give the key actions in Metaphase.
Chromosomes move to the equator of the Cell, sister chromatids pulled to the opposite sides, and M checkpoint occurs.
In these types of chromosomes, one comes from your mother and the other comes from your father.
Homologous or homologs
A cell undergoes oogenesis. How many functional gametes will be formed?
1
Sister chromatids are attached at a point called the ____________.
Centromere
Give the key actions in Anaphase.
Chromosomes are pulled by the kinetochore toward the ends of the cell, and the cell elongates
A cell has its haploid set of DNA, but still has its sister chromatids attached to one another. Has it been produced by meiosis I or meiosis II?
meiosis I
____________ is an organism capable of producing male and female gametes.
Hermaphrodite
A haploid set of human DNA has ____ chromosomes, while a diploid set has ____ chromosomes.
23, 46
Give the key actions in Telophase.
The chromosomes are surrounded by a nuclear membrane; a contractile ring forms around the middle of the elongated cell that eventually pinches closed making two new cells; organelles are either moved into each new cell or split into two parts.
Cell with its diploid set of DNA has 28 chromosomes. If it undergoes both meiosis I and meiosis II, how many cells will there be?
4