Vocabulary
What is mitosis?
the process that a cell goes through to divide into two new cells
What is interphase?
the time that a cell spends growing and then preparing for mitosis.
What happens during mitosis?
Cells go through the process of cell division
Why can't a cell get bigger forever?
surface area to volume ratio breaks down, too hard to get food and energy to all parts of the cell
What are stem cells?
Cells that can be turned into any type of cell
What is a chromatid?
a threadlike strand that chromosomes divide into during mitosis
What happens in G1 phase?
cells grow and live, spening most of their time here.
the chromatin condenses into chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down
What are some reasons for your body to go through cell division?
injury, replace dead cells
Why was stem cell research controversial?
because of the use of embryonic stem cells
centromere
the center part of the chromatids that are attached to the spindle
What happens in S phase?
Synthesis, DNA gets replicated
What happens in metaphase?
Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
why is cancer called a disease of the cell cycle?
cells continously go through mitosis, making tumours.
What do researchers now use to research stem cells instead of embryos?
They can make adult stem cells function like embryonic stem cells
What iare chromosomes?
a threadlike structure of DNA found in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms
What happens in G2 phase?
Organelles in the cell get duplicated and final preparations for cell division are made.
What happens during anaphase?
chromosomes are pulled apart
Why don't stroke and paralysis victims heal?
Nerve cells stay in G 0 phase for years
What are the potential benefits of stem cells?
cure cancer, paralysis, regrow organs
What is a eukaryote?
Type of life that contains its DNA in a nucleus.
what is G 0 phase?
A rest phase that some cells, such as nerve cells stay in for up to 60 years.
What happens in telophase?
Chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell, and lose shape. New nuclear envelopes form
What is biology the study of?
Life
How many new cells are produced by cell division?
2