Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotes are multicellular
False
Eukaryotes are single-celled
What can organelles inside of cells be compared to?
The organs of a human.
What are the 6 main elements found in living things?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus.
water, food, waste, and other cell materials.
Do prokaryotes have a nucleus?
No
What type of reproduction do Eukaryotes undergo?
Sexual Reproduction
What does a cell membrane do? (2 functions)
separates the inside of a cell from its external environment.
passageway where oxygen, food, and water enter and where waste materials exit.
What are the 4 main macromolecules, and what is their main element?
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Their main element is carbon.
What are the nucleus's 2 functions?
Stores genetic info and acts as a command center for cell activity.
What do we call the large coil that the DNA forms
Circular Chromosome
Where do Eukaryotes store their genetic material?
In their Nucleus.
What is the function of a cytoskeleton?
helps maintain the shape of the cell, enabling it to move.
What are macromolecules made of, and what do monomers form?
Macromolecules are made of monomers, which also form polymers.
What is the function of Centrioles?
form spindle fibres during cell division in animal cells.
What covers the cell wall of the prokaryote?
Slime layer
What type of large structures do Eukaryotes form?
tissues, organs, and organ systems.
What does the Golgi body do?
Sort and package chemicals for export.
What are carbs made of?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
What does the ribosome do inside the cell? What can they sometimes be attached to?
Responsible for making proteins.
free-floating in the cytoplasm or are attached to the ER.
What is the Circular Chromosome useful for?
What types of Eukaryotes ARE NOT multicellular?
Some forms of algae, slime molds, and protozoa.
What functions do the Lysosomes perform?
Protects the cell from invaders, digests waste, and breaks down food.
Why are lipids water-resistant?
because they have a non-polar region, which is not attracted to water molecules.
What does the Endoplasmic Reticulum do, and what are its 2 types?
Provide the work surface for many of the cell’s chemical reactions. Its 2 types are the Rough ER (studded with ribosomes) and the smooth ER (lacks ribosomes).