The Basics
All cells contain this, which serves as a barrier between the internal and external environment
What is the cell/plasma membrane?
Regulates entry and exit of molecules from the nucleus using pores
What is the nuclear envelope?
The "brain" of the cell that contains genes
What is the nucleus?
A nucleus
What are eukaryotes?
Colored pigment that makes plants look green
What are chloroplasts?
All cells contain ________, which is made of a semifluid substance called cytosol
What is cytoplasm?
The plasma/cell membrane regulates movement in/out of the cell because of this property
What is selective/semi permeability?
Performs a variety of functions such as a metabolizing carbohydrates and detoxifying drugs and proteins
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Additional barrier layer that provides structural support
What are both? (Cell wall)
Large, membrane-bounded vesicle that stores water and macromolecules in plant cells
What is the central vacuole?
All cells carry genes in the form of DNA found on these
What are chromosomes?
This organelle has two faces that only permit one-way "traffic"
What is the golgi apparatus?
Works as a "membrane factory" and distributes transport vescicles
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
An unbound region where DNA is found
What are prokaryotes? (Nucleoid)
Found in both animal and plant cells, where ATP synthesis occurs
What are mitochondria?
These are found in all cells and allow for genetic information to be expressed
What are ribosomes?
Double-membrane bound organelle that is critical for the process of cellular respiration
What are mitochondria?
Single-membrane organelle that specifically detoxifies alcohol
What are peroxisomes?
A whip-like tail that permits movement
What are both? (Flagella)
Digests bacteria/viruses that should not be in the cell, as well as old structures that need to be replaced
What are lysosomes? (Animals)
"Cells arising on by division of a previously existing cell" was introduced by this scientist
Who is Rudolf Virchow?
Structural component that motor proteins "walk" along to move vesicles
What are microtubules?
Responsible for regulating protein traffic and performs metabolic functions of the cell
The organelle responsible for synthesizing proteins that travel through the endomembrane system
What are eukaryotes? (Bound ribosomes)
Animal cells have gap junctions, while plant cells contain__________
What are plasmodesmata?