Active Transport
Active Transport requires energy in the form of what
What is ATP
During passive diffusion, energy is what
What is not required
Diffusion happens anytime there is a difference in concentration in one place compared to another. What is this called?
What is concentration gradient
What the cell membrane is mostly composed of
What are phospholipids
Substance in which a solute is dissolved
What is solvent
Proton pumps transport
What is hydrogen ions
What grabs molecules, changes shape, and flips across to the other side like a revolving door
What is a carrier protein
During diffusion molecules move from a ____ concentration to a ____ concentration
What is a high to low concentration
Allows only certain materials to go into and out of a cell
What is selective permeability
Concentration is lower outside than on the inside
What is hypotonic
Proton pumps use what kind of proteins to move molecules
What is integral proteins
What creates a tunnel through which molecules can pass
What are channel proteins
Diffusion continues until the concentration is equal in the space
What is equilibrium
The portion of the cell membrane that does not like water
What are hydrophobic tails
When cells shrink and shrivel
What is crenation
With the sodium potassium pump how many of each element is pumped in and out
What is three K+ out and two NA+ in
Na+, Cl-, Ca++, and K+ are examples of molecules that go through what kind of channel
What are ion channels
The movement of water molecules across a cell membrane
What is osmosis
Cells maintain a stable environment
What is homeostasis
Pressure exerted by the movement of water during osmosis
What is osmotic pressure
What is the process of releasing things out of cells and the process of taking substances into cells
What is endocytosis and exocytosis
What type of Passive Transport uses transport proteins
Facilitated transport/diffusion
Proteins that allow water molecules to get past the hydrophobic middle of a membrane
What are aquaporins
A phospholipid is made of a polar group, fatty acid chain, and what else
What is phosphate
Cell body shrinks and pulls away from the cell wall
What is plasmolysis