1) All living things are made of cells
2) Cells are the smallest unit of life
3) All cells come from other cells
100
The cell membrane is made up of a ______________ bilayer
Phospholipid
100
What does active transport require that passive does not?
Energy (ATP)
100
Which direction is the concentration gradient in passive transport?
High to low concentration
100
What is an atom?
The smallest unit of all matter, both living and nonliving.
200
Name one difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus/ as many organelles
200
What is the job of the lysosome?
Breaks down and removes waste
200
In active transport, molecules move from areas of _____ concentration to areas of _________ concentration
In active transport, molecules move from areas of LOW concentration to areas of HIGH concentration
200
Some students are smoking in the bathroom across from Mr Murphy's class. After 5 minutes, Mr Murphy smells smoke and heads to the bath to investigate. What process allowed Mr Murphy to smell the smoke?
Diffusion
200
What is a molecule?
The combination of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
300
What are the 2 differences between active and passive transport?
Active requires energy and moves from low to high concentration
Passive does NOT require energy and moves from high to low concentration
300
What part of the cell reads instructions from the nucleus and creates new proteins?
Ribosome
300
What process brings large molecules into the cell by engulfing it with the membrane, forming a vesicle?
Endocytosis
300
During an experiment, a biology student places a fresh lettuce leaf into a salt water solution. The leaf starts to wilt after several minutes due to what process?
Osmosis
300
Name some common molecules found in cells.
Glucose (sugar), proteins, lipids (fats), ATP (energy), phospholipids
400
Name one type of passive and one type of active transport. Make sure to label each
This organelle wraps a vesicle around proteins so they can leave the cell or travel to where they need to go.
Golgi Apparatus
400
What process removes waste and other large molecules from the cell?
Exocytosis
400
What examples did we use in class to demonstrate osmosis?
Raisins in water. Water moved into the raisin because the solute concentration was higher in the raisin than in the water.
400
Order the following from smallest to largest:
Cell
Organism
Atom
Organelle
Molecule
Atom -> Molecule -> Organelle -> Cell -> Organism
500
What is the role of DNA in a cell and where is it found?
Provides the building instructions (genetic code). It is found in the nucleus.
500
This organelle gives plant and bacteria cells support and shape.
Cell Wall
500
When would a cell use active transport instead of passive?
When it needs to move molecules against the concentration gradient, moving from areas of low concentration to high concentration.
When the molecules are too large to diffuse across the cell membrane.
500
What examples did we use in class to demonstrate diffusion?
Balloon and peppermint oil. The peppermint oil was highly concentrated and the particles spread out to areas of lower concentration, crossing through the balloon.
Food coloring and water. The food coloring was highly concentrated and the molecules moved to spread out evenly in the water.
500
What function do lipids, carbohydrates, and glucose serve in cells?
Lipids - store energy
Carbohydrates - provide and store energy
Proteins - build and repair cell structures