Phospholipid Bilayer
A phospholipid is a lipid made of glycerol, two _____ ____ _____, and a phosphate-linked head group
Fatty Acid Tails
The three types of tonicity
Isotonic, Hypertonic, Hypotonic
Substance that is required for osmosis to occur
Water (H2O)
Substance that active transport requires that passive transport doesn't
ATP
The plasma membrane is critical in maintaining a state of _______ in cells and organisms.
Homeostasis
The components of a solution
Solvent, Solute
The rate of diffusion is the speed at which molecules move from an area of _____ concentration to _____ concentration.
High, Low
The three different types of passive transport
Simple Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis
Structure responsible for cell communication and recognition
Carbohydrates
In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of water inside the cell is ____ than outside the cell
Higher
The effect of higher pressure on diffusion rate
Increases diffusion rate
What type of molecules are able to pass through using passive transport?
Small non-polar molecules
Structure of the phospholipid bilayer in which are present carbohydrates in
Glycoproteins
In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the cell through osmosis causing the cell to _____.
Shrink
If a person in the hospital receives pure water as IV fluid instead of 0l9% NaCl, the red blood cells will ______.
swell, burst, etc.
Channel Protein or Carrier Protein
Why are phospholipids polar?
Negatively Charged
The cytoplasm of a plant cell is generally slightly ________ so that water will enter the cell until its internal pressure inhibits further influx.
Hypertonic
Certain proteins and carbohydrates from food are initially to large to diffuse across the membrane and into the bloodstream, so they are digested into _____ _____ and glucose, which are small enough to diffuse.
Amino Acids
What does ATP lose during active transport to turn into ADP
Phosphate group