Osmosis
In diffusion molecules do this.
Move from high to low concentration
Which living organisms have a cell membrane?
all
Define active transport
movement of a molecule against a concentration gradient with use of ATP for energy
What are enzymes
proteins that speed up chemical reactions
transport method where small molecules transported through proteins in the cell membrane
protein pumps
What is a chemical reaction? What does it require
changing substances by breaking and forming bonds (includes hydrolysis and dehydration reactions) requires energy to occur
False
The cell membrane is made up of a fluid ___________ bilayer.
What is lipid or phospholipid.
transport method where large molecules are transported by way of vesicles
bulk transport
What is a reactant
the substances changed during a chemical reaction (goes into the process)
A solution with 1.5% saline would be considered this if the cell has .6% saline.
What is hypertonic.
Oxygen molecules move across the cell membrane via
What is simple diffusion.
The head of the phospholipid is hydrophilic and the tail is hydrophobic. This means what?
What is the head attracts water and tail repels water.
define exocytosis
contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane
Enzymes are _____, meaning they ______ up reactions by reducing the __________ required to start the reaction
catalysts, speed, activation energy
Facilitated diffusion requires what kind of protein?
Channel protein
defin endocytosis
the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
What is denaturation?
When environmental conditions cause the enzyme to lose its shape and no longer work.
temperature or pH cause this