Organelle Functions pt. 1
What is the function of a ribosome?
Ribosomes create proteins.
A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support and protection to the cell.
Which cell type is smaller, prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells
The close detail of a cell, with all organelles visible, that can be seen by using an electron microscope is called?
The ultra-structure of the cell
What is a flagellum and its function?
A flagellum is a whip-like structure that moves back and forth to move the cell.
What is the function of a mitochondria?
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production.
Are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells unicellular or multicellular?
Prokaryotic = unicellular
Eukaryotic = both unicellular or multicellular
What is a characteristic of organelles?
They are sub-cellular organisms.
What is a pili and its function?
Appendages that allow bacteria to attach to each other/surfaces and to transfer DNA.
What is a nucleus and its function?
The control center of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction.
Which type of cells have organelles?
Eukaryotic cells
What are 2 domains of prokaryotes?
Archaea and Bacteria
What is the capsule of the cell and its function?
A sticky layer that surrounds the cell walls of some bacteria, protecting the cell surface and sometimes helping to glue the cell to surfaces.
What is the function of a peroxisome?
They break down fatty acids and produce hydrogen peroxide.
How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells reproduce?
Prokaryotic = binary fission
Eukaryotic = mitosis or/and meiosis, followed by cytokinesis
What is palisade mesophyll layer?
A layer of tissue below the epidermis of a leaf that plays a large part of photosynthesis because of the large amount of chloroplast it contains.
What is the function of a vesicle?
A vesicle helps transport materials and recycle toxic substances.
What is a chromatin?
Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell.
How big are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
(answer in microns)
Prokaryotic = 1-10 microns
Eukaryotic = 10-100 microns
What are the steps of binary fission?
1. Cell elongates and DNA is replicated.
2. Cell wall and plasma membrane close in and pinch the cell
3. The crosswall forms between the 2 sets of DNA
4. The 2 sets of DNA break apart and create 2 separate cells