Cells
Proteins are made up of smaller units called......
a. sugars
b. amino acids
c. nucleic acids
d. enzymes
b. amino acids
One product of fermentation in yeast cells is...
a. alcohol
b. lactic acid
c. oxygen
d. glucose
a. alcohol
Most ________ in cells could not take place without water. (2 words)
chemical reactions
A compound is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
false; element
Explain why photosynthesis and respiration are considered opposite processes.
During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are used to produce sugars and oxygen. During respiration, sugars and oxygen are used to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Which of the following is an inorganic compound?
a. DNA
b. starch
c. oxygen
d. water
DNA replication occurs during....
a. prophase
b. cytokinesis
c. metaphase
d. interphase
d. interphase
__________ is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.
Osmosis
Carbon dioxide enters leaves through the stomata.
True
Compare and contrast passive and active transport.
Both are processes that move materials across cell membranes. Passive transport does not require the use of cellular energy. Active transport requires the use of cellular energy.
Which is the main method by which small molecules move across the cell membrane?
a. diffusion
b. osmosis
c. active transport
d. engulfing
a. diffusion
The final stage of the cell cycle is called...
cytokinesis
The pigment in green plants that captures the energy in sunlight is called ______________.
chlorophyll
The raw materials of photosynthesis are water and oxygen.
false; carbon dioxide
What is the basic difference between the autotrophs and the heterotrophs?
The autotrophs can make their own food, whereas the heterotrophs cannot.
Plants use sunlight to make food in a process called....
photosynthesis
During DNA replication, adenine (A) pairs only with...
Thymine (T)
Most of the energy that is released during respiration is produced in the ______________.
mitochondria
The main difference between respiration and fermentation is that fermentation does not use water.
false; oxygen
How do the heterotrophs depend on the autotrophs?
The heterotrophs depend on the autotrophs for food.
The first stage of respiration takes place in the.....
cytoplasm
The cell grows to its mature size during.....
a. mitosis
b. prophase
c. telophase
d. interphase
d. interphase
Each identical rod in a chromosome is called a(n) ___________.
chromatid
During the cytokinesis stage of the cell cycle, the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei.
false; mitosis
List 3 examples of autotrophs.
List 3 examples of heterotrophs.
Answers may vary.