Organelle Soup
ATP Gives You Wings
Diffuse That
Osmosis What?
Notorious DNA
100
What is in the middle of the cell and holds genetic information?
The nucleus
100
What is one input in the process of photosynthesis?
CO2 Sunlight H20
100
In what direction does diffusion occur?
High concentration --> low concentration (with the gradient)
100
In what direction does water move?
High concentration --> low concentration (with the gradient)
100
What spaghetti-like structures in the nucleus are actually DNA?
The chromatin
200
What organelles "read" genetic information to make proteins?
Ribosomes
200
What are the two of the three outputs in photosynthesis?
H20 O2 Glucose (sugar)
200
What is the diffusion of water called?
Osmosis
200
A cell is floating in a solution. Inside the cell, there is pure water. Outside the cell, there is sugar water. In which way will osmosis occur? Why?
The pure water will move out of the cell; because there is a lower concentration of water outside the cell and the water wants to even out
200
Which organelles read genetic material in order to create protein?
Ribosomes
300
Name three differences between animal cells and plant cells.
1. Plant cells have a cell wall 2. Plant cells have a larger central vacuole 3. Plant cells have chloroplasts
300
What are the two inputs in respiration?
O2 Glucose
300
Name two ways in which active transport is different than diffusion.
1. Uses energy 2. Goes against the gradient
300
What is the difference between hypotonic and hypertonic?
Hypotonic - lower concentration of water inside the cell, so water moves in and the cell can burst Hypertonic - higer concentration of water inside the cell, so water moves out and the cell can shrivel
300
After the ribosomes synthesize (create) proteins, where are they sent to be packaged?
The Golgi apparatus
400
In what organelle does respiration take place?
The mitochondria
400
What are the three outputs in respiration?
CO2 H20 ATP
400
What type of diffusion occurs when a molecule is too large to pass through the pores in the membrane so goes down a specific protein channel instead?
Facilitated diffusion
400
Jack Sparrow is marooned on an abandoned island without fresh water. Desperately thirsty, he drinks the very, very salty ocean water. Why does his tongue feel dry after?
Because the more highly concentrated water inside his tongue cells diffused out to reach equilibrium with the salt water
400
Explain the protein synthesis process using the following terms: nucleus, Golgi apparatus, DNA/RNA, amino acid, ribosome, vesicle
The nucleus sends out a strand of RNA, which is read by the ribosome. The ribosome makes the protein by connecting amino acids. Once the protein is created, it is sent to the Golgi apparatus, which packages the protein in a vesicle to be sent to other cells.
500
Why is it important that the cell membrane is semi-permeable?
Pores let small molecules through, and protein channels let bigger molecules in, but can also keep dangerous molecules out.
500
How are photosynthesis and respiration related?
The inputs for one are the outputs for the other.
500
Why is active transport essential to life? Give 2 reasons.
Examples: 1. Allows the cell to pump in necessary nutrients that are already at equilibrium so therefore cannot diffuse across the membrane 2. Allows the cell to pump out waste
500
Explain how a cell could make use of active transport and osmosis to rehydrate.
The cell could pump a solute, such as Na+, into the cell through active transport, therefore creating a hypotonic solution so that more water will go into the cell.
500
Think back to early in the year: What is the primary function of a protein?
To create body structures
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