General Regulation
What regulates the cell cycle?
Regulatory Proteins, Cyclin
True or False. Does smoking and tobacco use cause cancer?
True
All cells form from a fertilized egg cell called a _____.
zygote
What can Pluripotent cells develop into?
They can develop into most but not all cells
What are three common forms of cancer treatment?
Radiation, surgery, chemotherapy
What stops the cells from growing excessively?
Contact Inhibition
How is cancer formed?
When cells lose the ability to regulate and control cell growth
How long does it take a human embryo to form a blastocyst?
4 days
Where are Stem Cells commonly found the most?
Embryo
How do malicious tumors spread?
The tumor connects to blood pathways, then partially diverts blood and sends out cancerous cells through the blood stream.
What stimulates the growth and division of cells?
Growth Factors
How does chemotherapy counter cancer?
Disrupting cell division
How many cells does a microscopic roundworm have?
959
Where are pools of adult stem cells found?
Bone marrow and hair follicles
Where in the body are adult stem cells most commonly filtered from?
Bone marrow
What is apoptosis?
programmed cell death
What is the difference between Benign tumors and Malignant Tumors?
Benign Tumors are not cancerous while Malignant Tumors are.
What does the second checkpoint do during the cell cycle?
checks that DNA replication is done correctly
What are the three types of stem cells we have learned about?
Totipotent, Pluripotent, Multipotent
How does chemotherapy treat cancer and how is it harmful?
Chemotherapy interferes with cell division, and it also interferes with division of healthy cells.
What are the checkpoints and what do they do?
G1 checkpoint (organelles are replicated), G2 checkpoint (DNA replication), metaphase checkpoint (chromosomes are attached to spindles
What is Metastasis?
spread of cancer to other parts of the body through the bloodstream
What do Induced Pluripotent stem cells (IPS) do?
It enables the development of an unlimited source of any type of cells.
Where are Fibroblasts found?
Connective tissue and skin
How are induced pluripotent stem cells created?
By converting fibroblasts.