ORGANELLES
What are 2 organelles that plant cell's have, that animal cells don't.
cell wall
chloroplasts
what is the name of the head on a phospholipid
phosphate head
what are the two types of transport?
passive and active transport
list the four classes (types) of biological molecules
carbohydrates (monosaccharides)
lipids
proteins (amino acids)
nucleic acids (nucleotides)
what are 2 of the 3 types of passive transport
simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
what cell organelle is responsible for producing energy (through cell respiration), that the cell needs to carry out functions.
mitochondrion
which part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
the tail
what is the difference between passive and active transport
active transport uses ENERGY.
which 2 molecular classes contain NITROGEN?
Amino acids (proteins)
Nucleotides (Nucleic Acids)
in plant cells, what is the name of the organelle that is responsible for photosynthesis?
chloroplast
What is the organelle that is the fluid filling the inside of the cell and includes all other organelles except the nucleus.
cytoplasm
is there room for particles to pass in between the phospholipids?
yes
Describe ONE way that proteins help with passive transport through the cell membrane?
1) facilitator: they bind to particle at the outside and release inside
2)channel: they act as a channel to allow particles to flow through
which biomolecular class does glucose belong to?
carbohydrates
describe the condensation reaction
condensation reaction forms water by joining two molecules together
list two functions of the golgi body
processes
packages and transports materials produced in the cell
what part of the cell (organelle) is this phospholipid bilayer (two layers)?
cell membrane
does active transport move with or against the concentration gradient?
against
which biomolecular class has a long carbon backbone
lipids
what does high concentration mean?
which organelle is responsible for protecting the cell by controlling what materials move in and out?
is this cell in plant cells, animal cells or both?
cell membrane
both
why are there two layers to the cell membrane?
the inside and the outside of the cell are fluid filled and so, there are two layers so that the hydrophillic (like water) phosphate heads are on the outside and touching the water
and the hydrophobic tails are facing in, and not touching the water
describe the process of osmosis across the cell membrane?
the diffusion of water across the cell membrane that tends to move in a direction to equalize the water particles in the cell (from high concentration of particles --> low concentration)
-can move in both directions (not only IN)
which reaction involves breaking down a larger molecule into two smaller molecules
hydrolysis takes water in and breaks down water to form two molecules
what does it mean to move through the concentration gradient
moving from an area of a lot of particles (high concentration) to lower concentration, to try and even it out