Cell Structures
What organelle works primarily with the ribosomes?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is a cell?
basic unit of all forms of life
Name one of the scientists that helped establish cell theory.
Hooke
Leeuwenhok
Schlieden
Schwaan
Virchow
What do eukaryotes have in common with prokaryotes.
Cell membrane, DNA, ribosomes
Compare and contrast a cell wall vs. a cell membrane
cell membranes are found surrounding all cells a cell wall is only found around plant and some fungi cells
what is the definition of chloroplast?
organelle found mainly in plant cells that captures the energy from the sun and converts it to chemical energy.
Describe a cell membrane and its purpose.
thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells, it regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
- cells make up all living things
- cells are the most basic unit of life
- all cells come from other cells
What type of cell was one of the first photosynthetic organisms life forms on earth
BONUS 100 pts: What was the name of the specific bacteria
Prokaryotic bacteria
Bonus: Cyanobacteria
Compare the role of vacuoles and lysosomes in a cell.
Vacuoles are responsible for storing excess materials within a cell. Lysosomes break down break down these materials so that they can be used and stored in the cell.
explain the function of the Golgi Apparatus
responsible for sorting, modifying, and packaging protiens and other materials from the ER
What is the key difference between Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotes are organisms with a nucleus Prokaryotes are organisms without a nucleus
Why is cell theory important?
It allows us to understand how organisms are created, grow, and die
Who are the two co - founders of cell theory?
Schwaan and Schleiden
What materials can easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer. and why?
Small and non polar molecules. This is because the lipid tails of the cells membrane repel polar molecules keeping them from entering the cell
What cell structures are present in prokaryotic cells
DNA
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
How do large and/or polar particles get through the cell membrane
Gated and Non-gated protein channels
What was discovered to be universally made of cells first plant or animal cells.
It was discovered that all plants are made of cells slightly before animals cells
What is the difference between DNA and RNA
- DNA is De-Oxyribose NA and RNA is a singular ribose NA
- DNA is genetic material, RNA helps with the duplication of proteins
- RNA has uracil DNA has thymine
What is the relationship between cytoplasm and the cytoskeleton.
They are located in the same areas of the cell and both serve to maintain cell structure and provide support for organelles.
Why do you find mitochondria in plants that have chloroplasts
Name the four main types of Eukaryotic cells.
Plant, Animal, Protist, Fungi
How did Hooke's work contribute to cell theory.
Hooke first saw cells and gave them their name.
What function does the rough endoplasmic reticulum preform?
Produce proteins for the rest of the cell.
Cells are often compared to factories. How is this a useful model for a cell
Cells have multiple organelles that all serve different purposes but work together for the same end result. This is similar to factory that has many different departments that all work together to create one product