CELL DISCOVERY & Virus vs Cells
COMPARISON
ORGANELLES
FUNCTIONS
CELL TRANSPORT
100
Which scientist was the first to identify and name cells?
Robert Hooke
100
What are two differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and are single-celled Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and can be single or multi-cellular
100

Stores most of the genetic information in eukaryotic cells.

What is the Nucleus

100
Forms a boundary between a cell and the outside environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell.
Cell (plasma) membrane
100

What does selective permeability refer to?

Controls what materials can cross

200

Unlike cells, viruses cannot make their own energy. They must use this to reproduce.

What is a host cell?

200
What are 3 organelles that plant cells contain, but animal cells do not?
Chloroplast, cell wall, and vacuole
200

Folded membranes surrounding the nucleus that transport materials to the Golgi Apparatus and through the cell.

What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum

200
Receives materials from the ER, processes, sorts, and delivers proteins.
Golgi (body) apparatus
200
2 Parts: What is a definition of simple diffusion? What is a definition of facilitated diffusion?
Molecules traveling down a concentration gradient (High to low concentration) Molecules using transport proteins to diffuse through the membrane
300
What are the 3 principles of the cell theory?
All organisms are made of cells All existing cells are produced by other living cells The cell is the most basic unit of life
300
How are the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum different?
Smooth ER is a site of lipid synthesis and does not contain ribosomes Rough ER is a site of protein synthesis and contains ribosomes
300

Links amino acids together to form proteins

What is the Ribosome

300
Break down damaged or worn out cell parts.
Lysosome
300

2 Parts: What is osmosis? Does it require energy?

Water traveling across a selectively-permeable membrane from high water potential to low water potential. No cell energy is required.

400

Cells are considered living because they perform all 8 life functions. Viruses are not considered fully alive because they cannot do this on their own.
 

reproduce (or carry out metabolism)

400

Plasma membrane, DNA and RNA, ribosomes and cytoplasm

What do ALL cells have?

400

A bean shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell

Mitochondria

400

Provides a rigid layer that gives protection, support, and shape to some types of cells

What is a Cell wall

400
3 Parts: Describe what happens to an animal cell in a isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solution?
Isotonic- no net movement, same conditions inside and outside of the cell (cell stays the same) Hypotonic- lower solute concentration outside the cell (swells) Hypertonic- higher solute concentration outside the cell (shrivels)
500

Using his handmade microscope, Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe single-celled organisms, now known as this type of cell without a nucleus.

What is a Prokaryotic Cell or Prokaryote

500

Animal cells would shrivel up, plant cells would undergo plasmolysis but be protected by their cell wall

How would the shape of animal cells and plant cells be different when placed in a hypertonic solution?

500

Plants use _________________ for storage of water, food molecules, enzymes, etc. ____________ are the organelles that carry out photosynthesis.

What are vacuoles, chloroplasts

500

Facilitates movement of molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane

What are transport proteins - channel proteins, carrier proteins

500

2 Parts: Describe active transport. What are the two types of active transport?

Active transport drives molecules from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. Endocytosis/ Exocytosis

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