Cell Theory
Scientist who named “cells”
Robert Hooke
Type of cell with no nucleus
Prokaryote
Organelle that controls the cell
Nucleus
Movement of molecules high → low
Diffusion
Why plant cells don’t burst in fresh water
Cell wall prevents bursting
Three parts of the cell theory
All living things are made of cells
Cells are the basic unit of structure & function
All cells come from pre-existing cells
Organisms like bacteria
Prokaryote / bacteria
Organelle that makes proteins
Ribosomes
Movement of water across membrane
Osmosis
What happens to red blood cells in pure water
They swell (gain water by osmosis)
Invention that led to discovery of cells
The microscope
Larger, more complex cells
Eukaryote
Organelle that provides energy (ATP)
Mitochondria
Transport requiring energy
Active transport
Why marine mammals rely on osmosis balance
To maintain water balance / avoid dehydration in saltwater
Cells come from ____________
Other pre-existing cells
One similarity between both cell types
Both have DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane
Cell organelle only in plants
Chloroplast (or cell wall also acceptable)
Cell membrane is made of ____________
Phospholipid bilayer
Why cells need membranes
Controls what enters/exits and maintains homeostasis
Why cell theory is important
Explains the foundation of biology — all life is made of cells and functions because of cells
Difference between them
Prokaryotes have no nucleus; eukaryotes do
Packaging and modifying center of the cell
Golgi apparatus
What happens in a hypertonic solution
Cell shrinks / loses water
Identify transport: protein pumps moving ions
Active transport (protein pump)