Cell Membrane
Cell Transport
Active Transport
Passive Transport
Fun
Cell Structure
100
This protein is integrated in the cell membrane and allows large molecules to enter and exit the cell.
channel protein
100
This term describes that cell membrane, chooses what enters and leaves the cell.
Selectively permeable
100
The 3 main types of active transport?
endocytosis, exocytosis, protein pump
100
this will flow during osmosis; this will flow during diffusion.
Water and solutes
100
All living biota must have this organelle in order to survive.
Ribosome.
100
The fundamental unit of all living things are ____.
Cells
200
This is main structure of the cell membrane, composed of two layers.
phospholipid bilayer (or lipid bilayer)
200
True or False: the cell membrane is impermeable.
False. The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
200
The active transport process when a single cell organism like an amoeba takes in materials from outside the cell into the cell by engulfing it.
endocytosis
200
This is a solution that has more solute than its neighboring solution
hypertonic
200
What organelle(s) in a human cell contains DNA?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
200
What is a benefit for a living organism to be multicellular vs being one big cell?
Increase surface area to volume ratio so that you can more quickly exchange material across the plasma membrane.
300
An increase in the concentration of SATURATED fatty acids in a plasma membrane will result in a ______ fluidity of the membrane.
Decrease
300
Active transport moves from _____ to _____ concentration, and does require this _____ (in the form of ATP).
low to high, energy
300
The active transport process when a white blood cells takes in a bacterium.
endocytosis
300
The cell's shape break down in what is called ____, when plants cells are immersed a in saltwater solution
Plasmolysis
300
List 3 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Membrane Bound organelles
Linear DNA
DNA found in nucleus
Etc.
300
What is the function of E+F?
Barrer to prevent the diffusion of materials in and out of the cell.
400
What are two ways that an animal plasma membrane can compensate with being at a LOW temperature?
Increase cholesterol concentration
Increase unsaturated fatty acids
400
List 3 forms of cell transport that move from high to low concentration
simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion
400
A solution that has less sugar (solute) than another solution is ______ (hypo, hyper, iso)
hypotonic
400
In area A, there are 9 molecules of F.
In area B, there are 10 molecules of F.
Through diffusion, molecule F will move from area _____ to area _________.
B to A (Diffusion moves small molecules from HIGH to LOW concentration)
400
What is a reason a cell may initiate apoptosis?
What is disease/ cancer?
400
What is the function of structure 9?
Golgi - packaging of proteins and lipids to be delivered outside of the cell.
500
This cell structure helps to both make the membrane more and less fluid, under certain conditions.
cholesterol
500
The type of transport that does NOT require energy
Passive Transport
500
In area A, there are 11 molecules of H.
In area B, there are 13 molecules of H.
Through active transport, molecule H will move from area _____ to area _________.
A to B (Active transport goes from low to high concentration)
500
In area A, there are 15 water molecules of W. In area B, there are 25 water molecules of W. Through osmosis, molecule W will move from area _____ to area _________.
B to A (osmosis - water moves from high to low)
500
The organelles, mitochondria and chloroplasts, most likely had a ________ origin.
prokaryotic
500
List 4 structures associated with the endomembrane system.
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi
Vesicles
Ribosomes
600
This is the maintenance of a stable inside environment despite changing outward conditions.
homeostasis (the main function of the cell membrane)
600
Neuronal cells use these two types of transporting proteins (one is active and the other is passive) to maintain membrane potential.
Na/K pump
Voltage Gated Channels
600
Proton pumps are a form of _____ transport.
Active
600
The active transport process when a cell like a paramecium expels water out of its vacuole
exocytosis
600
What is the function of a protease?
Degrade proteins
600
What is structure B?
Ribosomes
700
A new bacterium is found in the Sahara desert. What will the plasma membrane most likely be composed of?
High concentration of saturated fatty acids.
700
The cell tone of a plant cell when placed in a hypotonic solution will get bigger due to _____ pressure.
Turgor
700
In a Na+/K+ pump, phosphorylation results in ejection of ___ Na+ ions into the ECF, while dephosphorylation results in the pumping of ___ K+ ions into the cytosol.
3
2
700
A cell placed in salt water (hypertonic solution) will _____ (gain or lose) water
lose water
700
What type of cytoskeletal fiber makes up structure 10?
Microtubules
700
Structure 2 contains DNA that is condensed into a _____ structure by _____ proteins.
Chromatin
Histone
800
T/F - Proteins embedded in the plasma membrane are anchored and do not move within the membrane.
F
800
When plant cells are put in a hypotonic solution, water will flow ___________ the cell
into
800
The cell has 65% water and 35% solute. The solution has 30% water and 70% solute. Through diffusion, dissolved substances (solute) will move ______ (into/out of) the cell.
into
800
What structure prevents plant cells from bursting like animal cells?
Cell Wall
800
What is the type of cytoskeletal filament involved with amoeboid movement, as well as muscle contractions?
Microfilaments.
800
What is the function of 5?
To produce ATP during cellular respiration.
900
___ solutes are capable of freely diffusing across the membrane, while ____ solutes require some sort of transport protein to cross the membrane.
Nonpolar
Polar
900
The cell has 65% water and 35% solute.
The solution has 30% water and 70% solute.
Through osmosis, water will move ______________ (out of/into) the cell.
out of
900
How are hormones able to differentiate between the types of cells they need to get to?
Cell receptors
900
Insulin is produced in the pancreas and secreted into the bloodstream where it taken up by muscle cells and the liver. This is what type of cellular signaling?
Endocrine
900
What does the inner space of 5 contain?
Matrix - contains proteins, ribosomes, mtDNA
900
Beta-oxidation of long fatty acid and the production of cholesterol occurs in what organelle?
Peroxisome
1000
What is the first living organisms? And how long ago did they originate?
Prokaryotes
3.5 bya
1000
What type of cellular signaling transduction occurs with a receptor located in the plasma membrane, resulting in a cascade of kinase proteins and eventual gene expression?
Phosphorylation cascade
1000
What is the function of gap junctions? What is this structure analogous to in plant cells?
Transport ions, fluids, and solutes between neighboring cells.
Plasmodesmata
1000
Alzheimer's disease results in a progressive loss of memory and neural function. Is the progressive loss of memory and neural function a pathological or physiological condition?
Pathological