Cell Organelles
Which organelle acts as the control center of the cell?
What is the Nucleus?
Which structure surrounds the cell and helps keep its contents enclosed?
What is the cell membrane?
What is the movement of water across a membrane from an area of higher water concentration to lower water concentration called?
What is osmosis?
Which gas can pass directly through the cell membrane without using a channel protein?
What is carbon dioxide?
Which cell structure captures sunlight and is the main location where photosynthesis occurs?
What is chloroplast?
Which cell structure helps hold the organelles in place?
What is the cytoplasm?
Which membrane structure forms a passage that allows certain substances to cross?
What is a channel protein?
What type of transport moves molecules from high to low concentration without requiring energy?
What is diffusion?
Which type of macromolecule includes many of the channel proteins that help substances cross the membrane?
What are proteins?
Which two substances do plants use, along with sunlight, to make glucose during photosynthesis? (reactants)
What are carbon dioxide and water?
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
What are the mitochondria?
What is the name of the round, water-attracting part of a phospholipid?
What is the phosphate head?
What type of transport moves molecules from high to low concentration through channel proteins?
What is facilitated diffusion?
Which molecule helps keep the cell membrane stable?
What is cholesterol?
Which organelle breaks down glucose during cellular respiration to help release usable energy for the cell?
What is the Mitochondria?
Which organelle packages materials and prepares them to be transported out of the cell?
What is the Golgi body?
Which part of a phospholipid consists of water-repelling fatty acid chains?
What are the fatty acid tails?
What type of transport moves substances from low to high concentration and requires energy?
What is active transport?
Which type of solution causes water to enter a cell, potentially making it swell?
What is a hypotonic solution?
Photosynthesis stores energy by building glucose, while cellular respiration releases energy from glucose. Which process is endothermic, and which process releases energy (exothermic) overall?
What is Photosynthesis is endothermic; cellular respiration releases energy (exothermic) overall?
Which cell structure is responsible for making proteins?
What are the ribosomes?
Which molecule is found between phospholipids and helps regulate membrane fluidity?
What is cholesterol?
What is the process called when a cell membrane surrounds and brings nutrients into the cell?
What is endocytosis?
Which concentration difference would generally allow diffusion to occur the fastest: 55% outside and 45% inside, 75% outside and 25% inside, 52% outside and 54% inside, or 40% outside and 60% inside?
What is 75% outside and 25% inside? It has the largest concentration difference.
A plant uses sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. Later, its cells use glucose and oxygen to release energy. Identify both processes and name one product made by each process.
What is photosynthesis produces glucose or oxygen; cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide or water?