Cell Types
What is a Prokaryotic Cell?
What organelles does an Animal Cell have that a Plant cell doesn't?
Centrioles
What is the job of the nucleus?
It is the "brain" of the cells and controls all of the cell's function.
Why was Robert Hooke important to science regarding the cell?
He gave the cell its name.
Which organelles are in charge of making proteins?
Ribosomes
What is a Eukaryotic Cell?
A cell with a membrane bound nucleus.
What organelles do a Plant Cell have that Animal Cells do not?
What is the job of the Golgi Body?
Helps process and package simple items made by the smooth and rough ER before sending them throughout the cell.
How did the invention of the microscope assist in the field of science?
It allowed scientists to see things that are smaller than what could be seen with only one's eyes before. Helped begin the field of Microbiology, Pathology, and so much more!
How is the Smooth ER different from the Rough ER?
The smooth ER creates lipids and hormones wheres, the rough ER takes amino acids and builds proteins while covered in Ribosomes.
How can you tell the difference between a Prokaryotic Cell from a Eukaryotic Cell under a microscope?
Prokaryotic cells are smaller than Eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus whereas prokaryotic cells are solitary and have no defined organelles.
How is a plant cell vacuole different from an animal cell vacuole?
Plant cell vacuoles are large and just one; whereas, animals cells have many small vacuoles.
What is the job of the mitochondria? What might happen to the cell if it no longer worked?
The mitochondria is the " powerhouse of the cell" meaning it provide energy for all cellular processes. If a cell didn't have a mitochondria, it would have no energy for cellular reproduction or to do its jobs within the organism.
How did Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann use each others theories to improve our understanding of cells?
Schleiden came up with the idea that all plants are made of cells and Schwann used Schleiden's theory to investigate and conclude that animals were also made of cells.
Please identify the following organisms' cells as prokaryotic or eukaryotic:
Bacteria, Virus, Flower Petals Cells, Animal Hair, Ground Beef, Skin Cells
Bacteria - Prokaryotic; Virus - Non-living!; Flower Petals - Eukaryotic; Animal Hair - Eukaryotic; Ground Beef - Eukaryotic; Skin Cells - Eukaryotic
How is the DNA of a prokaryotic cell different from the DNA of a eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic DNA is circular and not contained within a membrane-bound nucleus and Eukaryotic DNA is linear or a double helix within a nucleus.
Why are plant cells green? What is the importance of this colored pigment?
What organelle strores and removes waste from the cell?
Lysosome
What is the jelly substance that helps keep organelles suspended inside the cell and maintain their shape?
Cytoplasm
What total magnifications would be best used to do the following tasks with a microscope:
1. Find a moving organism?
2. See Bacteria Cultures
3. Find Organelles such as Chloroplasts and Cell Walls inside a Blade of Grass
1. 40x
2. 400x
3. 100x
What structure might you find on a cell that assists with movement and is named after "tiny hair"?
Flagella
What are the major identfiers of life?
1. Made of Cells!!!
2. Metabolism - obtains and uses energy
3. Maintaining a balance to live - Homeostasis
4. Reproduction
5. Growth & Development
6. Response to Stimuli
7. Evolution - ability to adapt and overcome environmental challenges.
What is the job of the cell membrane? How is this different from a cell wall?
The cell membrane is selectively permeable meaning it only allows certain materials in and out of the cell. The cell wall provides structure and support to protect the cell inside.
What is the 3 parts of the cell theory?
1. All living organisms are made up of cells.
2. Cells are the basic structural/organizational unit of all living things.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
What is the organization of cells to organisms in order?
Cells -> Tissues -> Organ -> Organ Systems -> Organism