Cell Basics
All living organisms are made of cells and all cells arise from pre existing cells is called___________.
Cell theory
Receptor proteins function is what?
Allow signal molecules to bind, causing a cellular response
What is passive transport?
spontaneous movement of molecules that does not require energy. High to low concentration.
What is active transport?
requires energy to move molecules across membranes.
Energy in the form of ATP.
Solute concentration is balanced. There is no net movement of water. This is called _____________.
Isotonic
The smallest unit of life is _______.
What protein allows the body’s immune system to distinguish cells that belong inside the body from those that do not. "like fingerprints"
Recognition proteins
A particle (called a solute) is dissolved in gas or liquid(solvent) is called___________ __________.
Moves from ___________ to ________ concentration.
simple diffusion
High to low
Ther term against their concentration gradient means ________. which means what must be used for this to occur? _________.
from low to high concentration.
ATP (Energy)
Hypotonic
What organelle is the largest and stores chromatin (DNA)
Nucleus
What do we do to make organ donation possible since our immune system will try to destroy the foreign organ without this?
Drugs to suppress the immune system.
When molecules are polar or too large what process allows them to move across the membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
Process where cells engulf particles with their plasma membrane is called __________.
endocytosis
Hypertonic
What is the function of the Mitochondria?
Make ATP; cellular respiration occurs here.
What is the function of a transport protein?
Help polar molecules pass through the plasma membrane. Allow passage.
Osmosis is the movement of _________ from _______ concentration to _________ concentration.
Water
High to Low
2 examples of how we see endocytosis is ____________ which means "to drink" and ____________ which means " to eat".
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
A red blood cell is placed in a solution, and over time, the cell shrinks as water moves out of the cell. What type of solution was the red blood cell placed in?
Hypertonic
Ribosome
protein synthesis (Make proteins)
What is the purpose of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?
Maintain flexibility and resists temperature change so the cell maintains shape and is not too fluid (Hot) or too rigid (cold).
Facilitated diffusion requires ATP- True or False?
If False- explain.
False - It is from high to low concentration but uses transport proteins to cross the membrane.
Particles from inside a cell are enclosed in a vesicle & transported to the plasma membrane and out of the cell is called ___________.
Exocytosis
If a red blood cell is placed in pure water, water will move into the cell, and the cell will swell. What type of solution was the red blood cell placed in?
Hypotonic