Solution Vocabulary
This term refers to the amount of a substance in a defined space.
What is concentration?
Unlike active transport, passive transport does not require this to move substances.
What is energy (or ATP)?
This is the specific chemical form of energy required for active transport.
What is ATP?
This cell structure acts like a factory gate, controlling what enters and exits the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
Cells need this sugar molecule to produce energy for growth and development.
What is glucose?
This is the substance in a solution that does the dissolving, such as water.
What is a solvent?
In passive transport, particles always move from and area of higher concentration to and area of _____ concentration.
What is lower?
Active transport moves substances from an area of lower concentration to an area of _________ ________.
What is higher concentration?
Cells perform optimally in this type of solution, where solute concentration is equal inside and out.
What is isotonic?
This is the biological term for maintaining a stable internal environment by balancing water flow.
What is homeostasis?
This is the component of a solution that is dissolved, like lemonade powder.
What is a solute?
This is the specific term for the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
Active transport is necessary when molecules mist move "against" this gradient?
What is the concentration gradient?
In this type of solution, the solute concentration is higher outside the cell, causing it to shrivel.
What is hypertonic?
This is created when the concentration of a solute is different on wither side of a membrane.
What is a concentration gradient?
This is a mixture in which molecules of one substance are evenly distributed within another.
What is a solution?
These two small molecules are able to fit through spaces in the cell membrane via simple diffusion.
What is oxygen and carbon dioxide?
This is a common example of an ion-moving mechanism that requires active transport in cells.
What is the sodium/ Potassium pump?
In this type of solution, water moves into the cell, causing it to appear enlarged or bloated.
What is hypotonic?
If a labrotory technician sees shriveled fish blood cells, she should test the water for this type of irregularity.
What is a hypertonic environment (or high salt/solute level)?
This state is reached when particles are spread evenly and the concentration is equal on both sides.
What is equilibrium?
This specific type of passive transport uses a "special doorway" or protein channel to move large molecules.
What is facilitated diffusion?
These are the charged atoms or molecules that often require active transport to cross the membrane.
What are ions?
This term describes a membrane that allows soem substances through while blocking others (like the one in a U-tube).
What is semipermeable?
Because they lack this anatomical feature, cells must rely entirely on membrane transport to "eat" or "drink".
What is a mouth?