C
because many of the structures inside a cell act like specialized organs, they are known as .
organelles
The organelles are the biological equivalents to solar power plants for the cell. They capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy stored in food during photosynthesis.
Hint: green!
chloroplasts
This portion of the endoplasmic reticulum does not have ribosomes on its surface, and focuses on the synthesis of lipids.
This organelle is the maze like membrane system where lipids are synthesized, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell.
Hint: sometimes I have bumps, sometimes I don't
endoplasmic reticulum
Hint: NOT found in animal cells
cell wall
Most of the time the threadlike chromosomes are spread throughout the nucleus in the form of , a complex of DNA bound to proteins.
chromatin
This is the state of relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions.
the fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus
cytoplasm
The process by which particles move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
diffusion
the contains nearly all the cells DNA, and with it, the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules.
nucleus
In osmosis these protein channels allow water to pass right through a membrane, despite their hydrophobic properties.
aquaporins
simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus, and membrane-bound organelles
prokaryotic cells
The powerhouse of the cell! These organelles convert chemical energy stored in food molecules into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use.
Mitochondria
The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
These organelles are much like a vacuole, but are smaller, and can also aid the cell is the movement of materials instead of just storing materials.
vesicles
The is a network of protein filaments (microfilaments and microtubules) in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization. Also involved in movement.
cytoskeleton
This portion of the endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes, and is involved in the synthesis of proteins.
rough ER
The process where channels facilitate or help the diffusion of materials across a membrane because they cannot directly diffuse across.
facilitated diffusion
cell membrane
contain a nucleus that separates the genetic material from the rest of the cell
eukaryotic cell
This organelle appears as a stack of flattened membranes, and is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packing proteins and other materials from the ER for storage or release into the cell.
golgi apparatus
are organelles that produce proteins by following coded instructions that come from DNA.
Hint: these guys put the rough in rough endoplasmic reticulum.
ribosomes
In prokaryotic cells, DNA is found in the .
cytoplasm
A large sac-like organelle where materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates are stored within the cell.
This organelle is small and filled with enzymes that serves as the cleaning crew of the cell.
lysosome