Surface of the Cell
What is the side of the plasma membrane that faces the extracellular fluid called?
What about the side that faces the cytosol?
Extracellular face
Intracellular face
What cellular extension is found exclusively on human sperm cells?
Flagella
What membrane protein is for detecting chemical signaling?
What membrane protein is for keeping cells together and building functional tissues?
Receptor
Cell Adhesion Molecule
What is the difference between active and passive transport
What is the organelle that is called the powerhouse of the cell due to it producing ATP
What are the folds of the internal membrane called?
What about the fluid inside?
Mitochondria
Cristae
Matrix
What is the main material the plasma membrane is made of?
What % of it is this material?
What do they form?
Phospholipids, which make up 75% of the plasma membrane
They form a bilayer
What cellular extension is involved in phagocytosis?
Pseudopods
What substances can pass through a channel?
Hydrophilic solutes and water
What kind of transport is it when a solute moves from high to low concentration, no ATP used?
What kind of transport is it when a solute moves between cells instead of through a membrane?
What kind if transport is it when water follows undissolved ions?
filtration
osmosis
What is the name of the organelle that is usually the largest and holds the cells genetic code?
What is the membrane surrounding that organelle?
What are the holes in that membrane called?
What is the material inside that organelle?
Nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Nuclear pores
Nucleoplasm
What material serves to hold phospholipids still and stiffen the plasma membrane?
What % of the membrane is this?
Cholesterol
20%
What is the purpose of microvilli?
To increase the surface area of the plasma membrane, which increases absorption
What membrane proteins catalyze reactions by lowering activation energy; ingestion of molecules, production of secondary messengers
Enzymes
What kind of transport is phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor mediated endocytosis?
Vesicular transport
What organelle is responsible for producing proteins?
-how does it do this (another organelle)?
What organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids like steroids, detoxifying cells, and storing calcium?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
Smooth ER
What kind of protein passes completely through the plasma membrane?
What kind of protein is lodged on only one side?
Transmembrane
Peripheral
What is it for/what does it do?
It is the center of motile cilia and it allows for the motor protein dynein arms to crawl up it and bend the cilia
What all can channel proteins be "gated" towards
in other words, what all can open the gate
Ligand/chemical
voltage
mechanical
What kind of transport is it when a solute moves up a gradient using the energy of a solute going down its gradient (following the other ion), while using no ATP directly
Secondary Active transport
What organelle is a system of cisterns that synthesizes carbs, modifies proteins, and packages material for transport?
Golgi Apparatus
What is the fuzzy coat external to the plasma membrane that functions in [protection, cell adhesion, infection immunity, cancer defense, fertilization, embryotic development, and transplant compatabilty]?
What is it made of?
Glycocalyx
glycoproteins and glycolipids
Explain how ciliary action is critical to survival
It moves around mucus in the body, which allows us to expel harmful substances from our respiratory system
What molecules work for cell identification markers?
Glycoproteins
What is the similarities and differences between facilitated transport and active transport
they are both forms of carrier mediated transport
What membranous organelle is responsible for digestion of organic material within the cell?
What membranous organelle is responsible for phagocytosis and destruction of foreign material (like bacteria)?
Peroxisome