Cell explanations
Cell Membrane
Separates each cell from one another
-Controls what comes in and out of the cell
Whats a Mitochondrion
Spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections (called cristae). The mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell.
Whats a cell capsule
Bacterial cells have a cell membrane and a cell wall, but they also have a cell capsule. This outermost layer is often made of sugars or special proteins. It helps protect the bacteria from being eaten by larger cells, like animal immune cells, and from being infected by viruses.
Cytoplasm
The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.
A plant has a cell wall
Yes
What is Chloroplast
Organelle in witch photosynthesis takes place
Whats a Nucleolus
An organelle within the nucleus - it is where ribosomal RNA is produced. Some cells have more than one nucleolus.
Does Bacteria have DNA
Yes
Nucleus
Spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus. The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis) and contains DNA (in chromosomes). The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
Animals have a chloroplasts
No
What are Ribosomes
Creates the protein
Whats a Vacuole
Fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell. The vacuole fills with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell.
Nucleoid is
Bacteria don't have a nucleus to hold their nuclear DNA. Instead, their DNA is found in the nucleoid. This structure has no protective membrane, but is tightly packed DNA material and also has some RNA and proteins in it.
Photosynthesis
A process in which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into food energy (sugars and starches), oxygen and water. Chlorophyll or closely-related pigments (substances that color the plant) are essential to the photosynthetic process.
Everything has a vacuoles (Plant, animal and bacteria)
Responsible for sorting and accurately giving the proteins produced in the ER
What's a Lysosome
Round organelles surrounded by a membrane and containing digestive enzymes. This is where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place.
Bacterial pili is
Long, threadlike strings coming off of the cell's surface. Bacteria can use these to bind to other bacterial cells to exchange genetic material.
Thylakoid disk
Thylakoid disks are disk-shaped membrane structures in chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll. Chloroplasts are made up of stacks of thylakoid disks; a stack of thylakoid disks is called a granum. Photosynthesis (the production of ATP molecules from sunlight) takes place on thylakoid disks.
What has a flagellum
Bacteria Only
What is a Cytoplasm
Mostly water, but has bacteria solutions - jelly like
Golgi body
A flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus. It produces the membranes that surround the lysosomes. The Golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for “export” from the cell.
Whats a Plasmid
In addition to the nucleoid, bacteria have plasmids. Plasmids are small DNA molecules that can hold extra genes that may be used when the cell experiences certain conditions. These little piles of DNA can also be exchanged between bacterial cells.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
A vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted tubes that are located in the cell’s cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). The space within the ER is called the ER lumen. Smooth ER transport materials through the cell. It contains enzymes and produces and digests lipids (fats) and membrane proteins; smooth ER buds off from rough ER, moving the newly-made proteins and lipids to the Golgi body and membranes
What has a Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Animal and Plant