Lesson 1/2
a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently
organism
one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function
Organelles
make proteins inside the cytoplasm
ribosomes
Eukaryotes
is a membrane bound structure and contains materials and waste. It also maintains adequate pressure inside the plant cell.
vacuole
in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm
Cell
in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction
Nucleus
what surrounds and supports organelles inside the cell wall?
The _____________ is located near the nucleus and contains ribosomes on its surface. it is involved in making and processing proteins.
Rough ER
an organism that consists of a single cell
Unicellular organism
a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment
Cell membrane
What would you call the information that directs cell activities in all of its functions?
genetic material - DNA
The _____________ does not contain ribosomes. It makes fat-based molecules called lipids that are used to make membranes.
Smooth ER
an organism that consists of more than one cell
Multicellular organism
in eukaryotic cells, the organelle that is the site of cellular respiration, which releases energy for use by the cell
Mitochondria
What are the projections that move the prokaryote cells through its environment?
flagellum
The ________________ takes proteins from the ER and moves them to different parts of the cell.
Golgi Apparatus
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
Cell wall
an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
Chloroplasts
What are single celled organisms called?
Prokaryotes
These structures contain powerful chemicals known as enzymes that break down food.
Lysosome