Cell Discovery
He coined the term “cells” when he observed and described the tissues of cork, using a single-lens microscope illuminated by a candle
Who was Robert Hooke?
True or False: Only plant cells have a cell membrane
False - ALL cells have a cell membrane
plant cells and most bacterial (prokaryotic) cells have a cell wall, animal cells do not
A jelly-like liquid that fills the inside of a cell; word root = "cell stuff"
What is cytoplasm?
This organelle provides the cell with the ATP it needs to perform its functions and activities.
What is the mitochondria?
This occurs when particles of a substance move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is diffusion?
These types of cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria). They are found in plants, animals, protistans, and fungi!
What are eukaryotic cells?
Larger molecules that cannot pass through the phospholipid bilayer on their own must pass through these 'gates'
What are transport proteins?
membrane-enclosed organelle within a eukaryotic cell that contains chromosomes (DNA) and controls and regulates the activities of the cell
What is the nucleus?
These organelles are where protein synthesis occurs. They can either be free particles or found attached to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.
what are ribosomes?
The passive transport of water.
What is osmosis?
Simple, compound, light, electron and transmission are all terms that relate to:
What are microscopes?
The part of the phospholipid that 'loves' water
What is the hydrophilic head?
A series of flattened membranes that puts finishing touches on proteins and lipids, and packages them into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations
What is the Golgi apparatus/Golgi body?
The part of the endomembrane system that makes lipids, breaks down carbohydrates and fatty acids, and detoxifies molecules in your body
What is Smooth ER?
This term refers to the direction the particles are moving; you are either going with it or against it.
What is the concentration gradient?
This type of cell lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and is known to be the earliest on earth (e.g.: bacteria; archaea)
What is a prokaryotic cell?
This property of the cell membrane allows some things to enter/leave the cell, and blocks other things from doing so.
What is selective permeability?
A large network of interconnected membranes within a cell's cytoplasm that functions as a factory for synthesizing proteins and lipids. (Two types)
What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
These structures are the sights where protein synthesis takes place in the cell; they can be free-floating or attached to the ER
What are ribosomes?
Cells placed in a hypertonic solution will do this.
what is shrink/shrivel?
List each statement of the cell theory (3)
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the smallest unit of life.
3. Cells only come from other cells. (Continuity of life arises from the growth and division of cells)
These kinds of molecules are able to diffuse directly through the phospholipid bilayer.
What are hydrophobic molecules, gases, and water molecules?
These two energy-providing organelles, one found in only in plant cells, both resemble are believed to have their origins from photosynthetic bacteria.
What are mitochondria and chloroplasts?
A form of active transport in which vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and release their contents to the outside of the cell.
What is exocytosis?