Cell Theory
The English scientist first to use the word "cells" when describing cork under the microscope
Who is Robert Hooke?
This is found is all cells and contains instructions to make proteins.
What is DNA?
This organelle is only found in eukaryotic cells. Its role is to house and protect the DNA.
What is the nucleus?
All prokaryotic cells are these types of organisms
What are bacteria?
What is the difference between smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Smooth ER does not have ribosomes; rough ER does have ribosomes.
The cell theory would not have been formed without this tool
What is a microscope?
A jelly like substance found in all cells in which the organelles or other structures are suspended in
What is cytoplasm?
This organelle is responsible for packaging proteins into vesicles.
What is the Golgi?
True or False: Bacteria have ribosomes
True
Describe the relationship between the nucleus and the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
The nucleus contains the instructions to make proteins, which travel to the rough ER where proteins are made on its ribosomes, then transported.
Name at least 3 scientists that played a role in the formation of the cell theory
Who are (name any 3) Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, Circhow?
All cells are encased in this barrier. It is an important structure because it determines what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
This organelle is a tunnel like structure that aids in the production and transportation of proteins.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
How many membrane-bound organelles do prokaryotic cells have?
Prokaryotic cells have zero membrane-bound organelles
These structures, primarily used during cell division, can be found in animal cells but are NOT found in plant cells.
What are centrioles?
Who discovered that cells divide to make more of themselves?
Who is Virchow?
These structures are found in all cells and are the site of protein synthesis.
What are ribosomes?
Harvests energy from sunlight and uses it to make glucose
What are chloroplasts?
Which came first, the prokaryote or the eukaryote?
It is hypothesized that prokaryotes were the first and oldest living things found on earth.
What can be found surrounding the cell membrane of plants- what is it made out of and what is its function?
The cell wall can be found surrounding the cell membrane of plants.
It is made out of cellulose, a type of polysaccharide.
The function is to provide support, structure, and protection for the plant.
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
1) All living things contain cells.
2) All cells come from pre-existing cells.
3) Cells are the basic unit and structure of life.
A network of fibers that help the cell maintain shape and can assist with cell movement.
What is cytoskeleton?
Specialized versions of this organelle include lysosomes and peroxisomes
What are vesicles?
It takes much longer for a eukaryotic cell to replicate (make copies of itself) than a prokaryotic cell.
Based on what you know, hypothesize TWO reasons why it takes bacterial cells less time.
Prokaryotic cells are smaller.
Prokaryotic cells have less “stuff”. They do not have membrane bound organelles and are therefore less complex.
Describe the differences among the vacuoles of plant and animal cells.
In plant cells, the vacuole is a single, central vacuole that is large and stores water.
In animals, the vacuoles are smaller and used to store various substances.