Pieces and Parts
membrane-bound cell
structure with a specialized function
organelle
movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
diffusion
substance that forms
by joining many small molecules
macromolecule
stiff structure outside the cell membrane
cell wall
process during which a cell’s vesicles release their contents outside the cell
exocytosis
large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water
lipid
series of chemical
reactions that convert energy in
food molecules into ATP
cellular respiration
directs all cell activities and contains DNA
nucleus
movement of
substances through a cell membrane
using the cell’s energy
active transport
macromolecule that forms when a long chain of nucleotides join together
nucleic acid
reaction used to obtain
energy from food when oxygen
levels are low
fermentation
membrane-bound
organelle that uses light energy and
makes food
chloroplast
when molecules
pass through a cell membrane using
transport proteins
facilitated diffusion
one or more sugar
molecules
carbohydrate
process by which glucose is
broken down
glycolysis
small organelles found within the cells of animals, responsible for producing the majority of the cell's chemical energy
mitochondria
diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane
osmosis
long chain of amino acid
molecules
protein
series of reactions
that convert light energy, water, and
CO2 into glucose and give off
oxygen
photosynthesis