Cell Theory
What is the smallest living unit that can do jobs to help the organism stay alive?
Cells
Is a bacteria unicellular or multicellular?
Unicellular.
What is the smallest level of organisation?
Cells
What is a specialised cell?
A specialised cell is a cell with a different structure that performs a specific function or job
(BONUS 100: Give an example of a specialised plant cell)
Which cell organelle contains the DNA of the cell?
Nucleus
(BONUS 100: what else does it do?)
Describe the size of cells.
Microscopic - too small to be seen with our eyes
Describe a multicellular organism.
A multicellular organism is made up of two or more cells.
(BONUS 50: Give an example of a multicellular organism)
OR
(BONUS 100: Give a characteristic of a multicellular organsism)
Tissues
Which specialised cell is responsible for sending electrical signals between the brain and body to control body functions?
Nerve Cells
(BONUS 150: What do they look like?)
What does the mitochondria do?
The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell - it provides energy
Name two things that can cells can do.
- Help you grow
- Help you heal
- Help remove waste
- Get energy
- React to changes
etc.
Give two examples of unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Unicellular - bacteria, amoeba, yeast
Multicellular - any living organism
Name three different organ systems.
Digestive system, skeletal system, muscular system, circulatory system, respiratory system, nervous system
(BONUS 50 per system: What do they do?)
Describe one type of specialised plant cell.
Guard cells - open the stomata during the day and close it during the night
Xylem - carries water from the roots to rest of plant
Phloem - carries energy from the leaves to rest of plant
Photosynthetic cells - responsible for photosynthesis
Root hair cells - increase area of water uptake
(BONUS 100: What type of specialised cells are xylem and phloem?)
Is the cell wall in animal or plant cells, and what does it do?
Plant cells - it provides structure and protection to the cell
(BONUS 100: what is the other organelle that is only in plant cells?)
Describe the relationship between cells and living/non-living organisms.
All living things are made up of cells. Non-living things are not made up of cells.
(BONUS 25 for each: Give one example of living and one example of non-living)
What is one advantage of a unicellular organism?
- They can grow/reproduce much faster
- They need fewer resources
What are organs made up of?
Different tissues work together for one big job
What are they two specialised blood cells and what do they do?
Red blood cells - carries oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body
White blood cells - fights off pathogens which causes diseases
What are the differences in the vacuole between plants and animal cells?
Plant cells have one large vacuole compared to animal cells which have many small vacuoles
(BONUS 100: What is the function of a vacuole?)
Name all three cell theory rules.
1. All livings things are made up of one or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic building blocks of life
3. New cells come from existing cells
What are two advantages of multicellular organisms?
- They have specialised cells that can do jobs better
- They can be larger and stronger
- The can form tissues and organs, which perform complex tasks
Explain each of levels of organisation and give an example for each.
100 for each listed, 500 for all
Cells - smallest unit, perform specialised jobs (e.g. blood cell, plant cell, nerve cell, etc.)
Tissues - similar cells for tissues (e.g. muscle tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue, epithelial tissue)
Organs - different tissues work together to form organs to perform one big job (e.g. heart, lungs, skin, stomach, etc.)
Organ systems - organs work together (e.g. digestive, nervous, respiratory, circulatory, etc)
What is the difference between specialised cells and organelles?
How do ribosomes, golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum work together?
Ribosomes produces proteins, which help with recovery for cells. The ER sorts out the proteins and the GA acts as a highway for the proteins to travel to the needed locations