The Cell Theory & Basics
According to the Cell Theory, what is recognized as the basic unit of life?
The cell
Known as the control centre of the cell, what organelle stores DNA and genetic information required for cell division and growth?
The nucleus
Often referred to as "protein factories," what are the smallest membrane structures in the cell that create protein?
Ribosomes
What watery substance in a cell suspends organelles and is used for transport and chemical reactions?
Cytoplasm
at site of photosynthesis in a plant cell absorbs sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food?
Chloroplast
According to the first tenet of the Cell Theory, what are all living things composed of?
One or more cells.
What specific sub-structure is contained within the nucleus and is responsible for making ribosomes?
The nucleolus.
What organelle produces energy necessary for the cell's survival by converting glucose into usable energy?
The mitochondria
What semi-permeable barrier surrounds the cell to control the entry and exit of various substances?
The cell membrane.
What tail-like structures propel certain cells through their environment?
Flagella
What does the Cell Theory state about the origin of all cells?
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
The nucleus stores genetic information that directs all of what?
The cell's functions.
What network of bubbles and tubes (either rough or smooth) helps to modify and transport proteins?
The endoplasmic reticulum.
What membrane-surrounded compartments store food, water, and other materials in a cell?
Vacuoles
What hair-like projections help propel a cell or move substances surrounding it?
Cilia
In terms of cellular makeup, how do single-celled organisms like bacteria exist?
They consist of a single cell
What rod-like structures are found inside the nucleus and contain the cell's genetic information?
Chromosomes / DNA
What organelle sorts important proteins and fats in the cell before they are delivered to their next destination?
The Golgi apparatus (also known as Golgi bodies).
What structures contain the digestive enzymes for the cell?
Lysosomes
Name one major structure found in plant cells that animal cells do not have.
A cell wall or chloroplast
Besides being the basic unit of life, what specific dual role does a cell hold for all living things?
The basic structural and functional unit of all living things.
What membrane surrounds the nucleus in an animal cell?
The nuclear membrane
How do the plant and animal cells vacuoles differ?
Large central vacuole vs. Smaller vacuole
What rigid outer structure surrounds plant cells to provide protection and support, and is made of cellulose?
The cell wall
What general term describes any small structure found within a cell that performs a specific function?
Organellee