Movement of Substances
The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Diffusion
The difference between active transport and passive transport is that active transport requires __________
energy
What is passive transport
movement across the cell that does not require energy
A solution that causes a cell to shrink
hypertonic
When a vesicle fuses with a cell membrane, what does it release?
proteins
Condition in which the concentration of a substance is equal throughout a space
Equilibrium
What does ATP stand for
adenosine triphosphate
A difference in the concentration of a substance across a space
Concentration Gradient
What is the definition of Osmosis
the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
transportation of proteins with a polar pore through which ions (polar molecules) can pass
ion channels
During this process the cell membrane forms a pouch around a substance
Endocytosis
When carrier proteins are used to transport specific substances down their concentration gradient... this transport is called
facilitated diffusion
Swelling of a cell
hypotonic solution
These substances are prevented from moving across the cell membrane
ions and polar molecules
In a sodium potassium pump, this substance is released to outside the cell
Sodium
What substances cross the cell membrane through facilitated diffusion
amino acids or sugars
a solution that produces no change in the cell volume because of Osmosis
isotonic soultion
What needs to be present in a solution for a substance to move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
concentration gradient
The sodium potassium pump, pumps _____ sodium ions out of the cell and ____ potassium ions into the cell
3 Sodium ions out and 2 Potassium ions in
What type of charge is typically inside the cell?
negative charge
The prefix "iso" is from the Greek word "isos" which means what
Same