Cell Anatomy
The nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma (or cell) membrane
What are the three main regions of a (generalized) cell?
What is a cell?
The fluid found within the cell (the nucleoplasm and the cytosol)
What is intracellular fluid?
Solute pumping and vesicular transport
What are the two most important mechanisms of active transport?
Interphase and cell division
What are the two major periods of the cell life cycle?
DNA is contained here
What is the nucleus?
Groups of cells that are similar in structure and function
What are tissues?
The fluid that bathes the exterior of the cells
What is interstitial fluid?
What is the sodium-potassium pump?
What is DNA duplication?
The nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear envelope
What are the three regions of the nucleus?
This refers to how the shape of human cells and the relative abundance of their various organelles relate to their function in the body
What is cell diversity?
What are passive and active transport?
Exocytosis and endocytosis
What are two types of vesicular transport?
The two events of cell division
What are mitosis and cytokinesis?
Fragile, transparent, double-layer lipid barrier of the cell; selectively permeable; functions in membrane transport and cell-to-cell interactions; separates cell contains from the surrounding environment
What are characteristics of the plasma membrane?
This means that a barrier allows some substances to pass through it while excluding others
What is selective permeability?
What is passive transport?
Phagocytosis (cell-eating) and pinocytosis (cell-drinking)
The stage of mitosis where the mitotic spindle is formed
What is prophase?
Microvilli and cilia
What are two types of cell extensions?
A homogeneous mixture of two or more components
What is a solution?
Requires that the cell provides the energy (ATP) to drive this transport process
What is active transport?
Molecules/ions move down the _________ gradient (from high to low) in the diffusion process.
What is concentration?
The stage of mitosis where the chromosomes cluster and become aligned at the center of the spindle
What is metaphase?
The organelles, inclusions, and cytosol
What are the three major elements of the cytoplasm?
The substance in the largest amount in a solution; also referred to as the dissolving medium
What is the solvent?
Diffusion and filtration
What are the two types of passive membrane transport?
Water and solutes move down (high to low) along a _________ gradient in the filtration process.
What is pressure?
The stage of mitosis where the chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
What is anaphase?
Tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions
What are examples of how cells are bound together?
Components or substances present in smaller amounts in a solution
Simple, osmosis, and facilitated
What are the three different types of diffusion?
The specific term for the diffusion of water across a cell membrane.
What is osmosis?
The stage of mitosis where the chromosomes uncoil and become chromatin again
What is telophase?