vocabulary
membrane made up of polar heads and nonpolar tails
lipid bilayer
phospholipid bilayer
transfers chemical energy into carbohydrates for the cell
mitochondria
cell transport that does not require energy
includes diffusion & osmosis
passive transport
first phase of mitosis
prophase
phases of interphase
G1, S, G2
cells that do not have a nucleus
prokaryotes
assemble proteins based on instructions from DNA
Ribosomes
movement of water across a membrane from high to low concentration
osmosis
the nucleus reappears during this phase
telophase
phases of mitosis in order
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
PMAT
solution with a low concentration of solutes
hypotonic solution
thick fluid that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane
cytoplasm
type of transport that uses protein embedded in the cell membrane to help transport larger materials from a high to low concentration
facilitated diffusion
chromatids are pulled in opposite directions during this phase
anaphase
controls the cell cycle
cyclins
creates genetically identical copies
asexual reproduction
Strong supporting layer that maintains cell shape and is ONLY found in plant cells
cell wall
concentration gradient of active transport
low to high concentration
uncoiled DNA seen during interphase
chromatin
cytokinesis
if a cell is placed in a isotonic solution, which direction will water move?
in AND out of the cell
both directions
modify, sort, and package macromolecules (lipids and proteins) that are synthesized by the cell
golgi body
golgi apparatus
uses energy to move materials from the inside of the cell membrane to the outside of the cell membrane
exocytosis
this structure attaches to the centromere of chromosomes
spindle fibers
if a cell has 16 chromosomes and asexually reproduces, how many chromosomes will be in the new cell?
16