Cells
What structures do plant cells have that animal cells don't?
Chloroplasts
Cell walls
What is osmosis?
The movement of water from high water potential to low water potential.
Define homeostasis.
The body's ability to maintain internal conditions within a healthy range.
What are 3 main parts of the circulatory system?
Blood, blood vessels, heart
Is a plant cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic!
List the levels of organization, starting from the smallest to the largest.
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
List the 3 kinds of solutions that a cell could be in.
Isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic
What is a feedback loop?
A mechanism that works to return the body to a its normal internal state.
What is the function of the cardiovascular & respiratory system?
Cardiovascular: circulate oxygen, hormones, nutrients; remove waste
Respiratory: supply body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
What two cell organelles help with making energy?
Chloroplasts and mitochondria
Why don't plant cells shrivel like animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall that maintains its structure.
If a cell is in a solution with equal water potential inside and outside of the cell, what kind of solution is it in? (Answer and draw an example.)
Isotonic
What causes a feedback loop to start?
Stimulus or a change in the environment
Name 4 organs found in the respiratory system.
To supply oxygen to the body and remove carbon dioxide.
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lung, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
Where does gas exchange in the lungs happen?
Alveoli cells
What is the relationship between structure and function? Also, give an example.
Structure determines function; function determines structure
Describe the movement of water if a cell is in a hypotonic solution. Draw an example.
Water enters the cell.
You are extremely cold. What does your body do in response to maintain homeostasis. Why is your body responding like that?
You start shivering. This helps to increase your body temperature.
Name the 3 kinds of blood vessels and their function.
Arteries - carry blood away from the heart
Veins - carry blood back to the heart
Capillaries - gas exchange, connect veins and arteries
What body system helps with hormone production? What is a major organ in this body system?
Endocrine system; pancreas
Why do plants wilt when their cells become dehydrated? Describe the movement of water in the cells and what solution they are in.
Plant cells are dehydrated because water is leaving the cells. The entire plant starts to wilt because the cells are no longer turgid (rigid and firm).
Describe the movement of water if a cell is in a hypertonic solution. Draw an example.
Water leaves the cell.
What does a negative feedback loop do?
when the body recognizes a change and brings conditions back to normal
Which blood vessels tend to carry oxygen-rich blood? Why?
Arteries: carrying oxygenated blood to other organs to deliver oxygen
Name a disruption in the cardiovascular system. Describe how homeostasis might be restored.
Disruption: fat buildup in blood vessels
Homeostasis Restored: manage diet and take medication