Made of Cells
What is the smallest unit of life that makes up all living things?
the cell
What is the process by which organisms make new versions of themselves?
Reproduction
What is metabolism?
The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
What is a stimulus?
A change in the environment that elicits a response from an organism.
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a stable internal environment.
Name one thing that all cells have in common.
All cells have a cell membrane.
What is DNA and why is it important for reproduction?
DNA is the genetic material that contains instructions for development and reproduction.
How do plants obtain energy through photosynthesis?
They convert sunlight into chemical energy (glucose).
Give an example of a stimulus-response mechanism in an organism.
Touching a hot stove (stimulus) and withdrawing hand quickly (response).
Name two ways that organisms maintain homeostasis.
Sweating to cool down; shivering to warm up.
How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do.
What role does mitosis play in reproduction?
Mitosis allows cells to divide, leading to growth and tissue repair.
Difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Autotrophs produce their own food; heterotrophs consume others for energy.
How do organisms respond to external stimuli?
Through nervous and endocrine systems.
How does temperature regulation help maintain homeostasis?
By ensuring optimal enzyme function and cellular processes.
What structures within a cell are responsible for carrying out specific functions?
Red blood cells transport oxygen.
How does genetic variation occur during reproduction?
Through meiosis and fertilization, which mix genetic material.
Why are cellular respiration and photosynthesis considered opposite?
Photosynthesis stores energy; cellular respiration releases it.
How is the nervous system involved in stimulus-response mechanism?
It detects stimuli and sends signals to respond.
Explain the role of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis.
They filter waste and balance fluids and electrolytes.
Structure for carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells.
Chloroplasts
Describe asexual reproduction.
A single organism produces offspring identical to itself.
Describe the process of cellular respiration and its importance.
It converts glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.
Role of the endocrine system in regulating an organism's survival.
It releases hormones to regulate body functions and maintain homeostasis.
Describe one example of the body's feedback mechanism for maintaining homeostasis.
Insulin regulates blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake.