Carbs and Proteins
Amino acids.
What are the basic building blocks of proteins?
DNA and RNA.
What are the two main types of nucleic acids?
The nucleus.
What is the control center of a cell?
The mitotic phase.
What phase follows interphase in the cell cycle?
It forms protective layers and surfaces.
What is the main characteristic of epithelial tissue?
Carbohydrates
What type of carbohydrates is known as sugars and starches?
It serves as an energy carrier in cellular processes.
What is the function of ATP?
Channel proteins.
What component of the plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell?
Chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope breaks down
What occurs during prophase
consist of multiple layers of cells.
What does it mean for epithelial cells to be classified as "stratified"?
Tertiary structure.
Which type of protein structure is characterized by the folding of the polypeptide chain into a 3D shape?
Adenine/Thymine
Guanine/Cytosine
In DNA, which bases pair together?
provides structural support and shape to the cell.
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.
What is cytokinesis?
Endocrine glands.
Name a type of gland that secretes substances directly into the bloodstream.
It serves as a storage form of glucose.
What is the function of glycogen in animals?
typically single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.
What is the structure of RNA?
Mitochondria
What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane.
What happens during metaphase?
Apical and Basal
What are the two surfaces of epithelial tissue called?
Describe the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates are sugars that are quickly absorbed, while complex carbohydrates are made of longer chains of sugar molecules and take longer to digest.
What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?
carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
synthesize proteins by translating mRNA.
What is the function of ribosomes.
It holds sister chromatids together and is the attachment point for spindle fibers during mitosis.
What does the centromere do during cell division.
Explain the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands.
Exocrine glands secrete substances onto surfaces or into cavities, while endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.