Cell Theory/ Properties of Life
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cell
What macromolecule is the main source of quick energy?
Carbohydrates
What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
What type of cells lack a nucleus?
Prokaryotic cells
What gas is produced during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
What is one of the three parts of the Cell Theory?
All living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells come from preexisting cells
What biomolecule carries genetic information?
Nucleic acids – DNA & RNA
What organelle packages and transports proteins?
Golgi apparatus
Name one structure found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
Cell wall, chloroplast, large central vacuole, etc.
What molecule is the main energy carrier in cells?
ATP
Name one of the seven properties of life
Examples: growth, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, etc.
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino acids
What part of the cell is selectively permeable and controls what enters and exits?
Cell membrane
How do plant and animal cells differ in how they obtain energy?
Plants make their own food via photosynthesis; animals consume food for energy
What organelle carries out photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What is the term for an organism maintaining a stable internal environment?
Homeostasis
Which biomolecule makes up the cell membrane?
Lipids – phospholipids
What structure in plant cells stores water and maintains pressure?
Central vacuole
What type of cells contain membrane-bound organelles?
Eukaryotic cells
What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
Light-dependent reactions & Calvin cycle
What is the process by which organisms use energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones?
Anabolism – part of metabolism
What biomolecule acts as an enzyme to speed up chemical reactions?
Proteins – enzymes
What is the function of ribosomes?Protein synthesis
Protein synthesis
What are two main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Examples: nucleus present vs. absent, complex vs. simple structure, membrane-bound organelles present vs. absent, etc.
In what cellular process is glucose broken down to produce ATP?
Cellular respiration