Discovery of Cells
Organelle Functions
Organelle Functions 2
Extra
Extra 2
100
Who first discovered the cell?
Robert Hooke
100
What does the plasma/cell membrane do?
Covers cell's surface and acts as barrier between inside and outside of cell. All materials enter and exit through plasma membrane.
100
Which organelle directs protein synthesis in the cytoplasm?
Ribosomes
100
What are flagella?
Long, whip-like structure used to propel cells forward.
100
What are the two different types of cells based on the presence or absence of a nucleus?
Prokaryote and Eukaryote.
200
Which German botanist noted that all parts of plants are made of cells?
Matthias Schleiden
200
What is the "control center" of the cell? What does it do?
Nucleus. Carry DNA and the information needed to reproduce.
200
What does the cytoskeleton do?
Supports the cell, provides a "road" for materials to move on withing the cell.
200
What does the central vacuole in plant cells do?
Stores water to support the cell's structure, enzymes, metabolic waste, and other materials
200
What do centrioles do?
Assist in cell division.
300
What did Theodor Schwann conclude?
All parts of animals made of cells
300
Which organelle packages and sends materials to different parts of the cell?
Golgi Apparatus
300
What is the function of the rough ER? smooth?
RER: Produces phospholipids and proteins. SER: Many functions-produce lipids, estrogen, testosterone, calcium, and it detoxifies drugs and poisons.
300
What are cilia and what do they look like?
Assist in movement of cell (usually protists) and move food toward a mouth-like opening in protists. Short and numerous
300
What is the order of cellular organization?
Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism
400
Who was the first to observe living cells in pond water? (*Hint: Animalcules)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
400
The cytoplasm of a cell is...
The fluid within the plasma membrane that contains the cytoskeleton and all the organelles except the nucleus.
400
What stores waste products, energy, and water?
Vacuoles
400
What do vesicles do?
Transport materials within them
400
What sets mitochondria and chloroplasts apart from other organelles?
They have their own DNA
500
Who discovered that all cells come from other cells? (German physician)
Rudolf Virchow
500
"Powerhouse" of the cell
Mitochondria
500
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Makes ribosomes. DNA is concentrated here in the process of making RNA
500
Which organelle breaks down/digests dead cell parts and bacteria?
Lysosomes
500
What are the 3 structures found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
Central vacuole, chloroplasts (plastids), and cell wall.
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