Cell Organelles
The organelle that contains the majority of the cell's genetic material is the
What is the nucleus?
When comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, only this cell has a nucleus present
What is an eukaryotic cell?
The fat molecules in the cell membrane, which have a head and two tails, have this part of the molecule as being hydrophobic
What are the tails of the fat molecule?
At the end of this phase of mitosis, a complete set of chromosomes will have assembled at each pole of the cell
What is anaphase?
In the cell cycle, the G1, S, and G2 phases are all part of this phase that is common to both mitosis and meiosis
What is interphase?
The small particles found individually in the cytoplasm as well as along the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum that produce proteins are the
What are ribosomes?
Bacteria are an example of this type of cell
What is a prokaryotic cell?
The role of this type of protein in the cell membrane is to allow for selective passage of specific molecules from the external environment
What is a transport protein?
This type of cell transport proceeds through diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis
What is passive transport?
Unlike cancer cells, normal cells have programmed cell death mechanisms that have the more technical name of this
What is apoptosis?
The organelle that contains strong digestive enzymes which, upon release, can break down worn-out organelles or food that can also be referred to as the "suicide sac" would be the
What is the lysosome?
DNA in prokaryotes tends to have this shape
What is a circular shape?
The function of this organic molecule in the cell membrane is to help help maintain the membrane's fluidity, help secure important proteins in the membrane, and increase the overall stability of the membrane
What is cholesterol?
It is in this phase of mitosis that chromosomes first become visible
What is prophase?
This stage of the cell cycle (in mitosis) involves replicated chromosomes condensing and then the nuclear membrane dissociating
What is prophase?
Muscle cells in particular tend to have more of this organelle than other types of cells do because of their greater need for it; this organelle is the
What is the mitochondria?
Eukaryotes wrap their DNA around proteins called this
What are histones?
The surface area to volume ratio of a cell gets smaller as the cell experiences this in terms of size
What is an increase in size?
The structure that attaches the chromosomes to the spindle fiber during metaphase is the
What is a centromere?
This disease results from the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in the body
What is cancer?
Centrioles are associated with this organizing center in an animal cell
What is the microtubule organizing center? (MTOC)
Peptidoglycan is present in the cell wall of this type of cell only
What is a prokaryotic cell?
Transmembrane proteins that cross the bilayer are important in this type of transport of ions and small molecules
What is active transport?
DNA replicates in this phase of interphase
What is the S phase?
A checkpoint during mitosis ensures that the cell's spindle fibers are properly aligned in this phase before the chromosomes are separated in anaphase
What is metaphase?