Mitosis
These are the phases of mitosis from beginning to end
What are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
The structure of DNA
What is a double helix?
This is the process used to make new strands of DNA
What is replication?
Transcription results on the creation of this molecule
What is mRNA (messenger RNA)?
Ultimately, translation will result in the production of this macromolecule
What is protein?
If a cell begins mitosis with 13 chromosomes, it will end mitosis with this number of chromosomes in this number of cells
What is 13 chromosomes each in 2 cells?
These are the two structural differences of RNA from DNA
What are that RNA is single-stranded and has uracil instead of thymine?
This is the point at which DNA begins to separate so that new DNA strands can be made
What is the replication fork?
This molecule carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes
What is mRNA or messenger RNA?
These are the 3 things required for translation
What are mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes (or rRNA)?
During this phase of mitosis, homologous chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell
What is metaphase?
These are the bases that pair in DNA
What are Adenine to Thymine and Cytosine to Guanine?
Replication is called this because it makes new DNA strands that bond to original strands to make a new DNA molecule from one old and one new strand
What is semi-conservative?
This is the mRNA strand that would be translated from 3'-TACGGGATC-5'
What is 5'-AUGCCCUAG3'?
This is the start codon
What is AUG (or methionine)?
Often confused as a part of mitosis, this process follows mitosis and results in cellular division
What is cytokinesis?
This is the reason that mRNA must be transcribed from DNA
What is DNA is too big to leave the nucleus and pass on genetic information?
This enzyme is used in two forms to facilitate and proofread the replication process
What is DNA Polymerase?
These are the two other types of RNA that are not made by transcription
What are ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA)?
UAG and UGA are examples of this type of codon
What is the stop codon?
Mitosis successfully results in this
What is nuclear division?
These are the three-base sequence segments of mRNA that will eventually make amino acids
What are codons?
This is the DNA base sequence that would be replicated from 5'-ATAGGCTC-3'
What is 5'-GAGCCTAT-3'?
The four bases of mRNA
What are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil?
This is the three-base sequence carried by tRNA that codes for the complement to the base sequence that will make an amino acid
What is the anti-codon?