Transport
What is the key difference between Active Transport and Diffusion?
Active Transport Uses Energy whereas Diffusion does not
The biological term for the "Chloroplast Soup"
Stroma
Name of the Enzyme that joins okazaki fragments
DNA Ligase
Describe how Temperature Effects Enzymes at below optimal, optimal and above optimal temperature
Optimal - Highest Successful collisions
Above - Denature
If the Cell is Hypertonic to the solution, which way does the water move?
Into the cell - Water moves to an area of higher tonicity
The stacks of Thylakoid membranes are referred to as..
Grana/Granum
In Yeast, Anaerobic respiration is used in a process to produce alcohol. What is this called?
Fermentation
In which direction does the DNA polymerase read the DNA?
Reads 3' - 5'
(Synthesises 5' - 3')
When an enzyme denatures, what is happening?
Bonds holding enzyme together breaks and enzyme loses shape so substrate no longer fits in active site.
Lipid Tails / Fatty Acid Tails
What is the key reactant that is broken down in the light-dependent reaction of Photosynthesis
Water
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of Anaerobic Respiration
+ Rapid Production of ATP,
- Very few ATP per glucose molecule. Lactic Acid Build up
Why is DNA replication Considered Semi-conservative?
Each strand consists 1 old strand and 1 new.
Specific Biological Reactions, Lower activation energy
What are the 3 main types of Passive Transport?
What is the key products produced after the light-independent reaction?
Glucose
Name the 3 stages of Aerobic Respiration and where each stage occurs
Glycolysis - Cytoplasm
Kreb's Cycle - Matrix (Mitochondria)
Electron Transport Chain - Cristae (Mitochondria)
What Acronym do we use to for the factors affecting mitosis?
SALE
Stage of life, Availability of Nutrience, Location of Cells, Environment
Name given to type of reaction by enzymes that breaks apart one substrate to two or more products?
Catabolic Reaction - E.g. Glycolysis
(Anabolic Reactions build up - e.g DNA polymerase)
The name given to a structure that has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components
Amphipathic
In Which Layer of the leaf do we typically find the most chloroplast?
Upper epidermis, Palisade Mesophyll, Spongy Mesophyll or Lower Epidermis?
Palisade Mesophyll usually has the most.
Hydrogen pumps in the electron transport chain pump protons into which area of the mitchondria?
Cristae, Matrix, Inter-membrane Space, Cytoplasm
Intermembrane Space
Which type of nucleotide has a double ring structure?
Purines (A, G) or Pyrimidines (C, T)?
Purines
What are the two types of inhibitors for enzymes?
Competitive - Binds to active site,
Non-Competitive - (Binds to Allosteric site)