Stop Cancer Before It Starts
Identify 3 modifiable risk factors for cancer from this list: smoking, family history, diet high in red meat, advanced age, obesity, sun exposure.
What is Smoking, diet high in red meat, obesity, sun exposure
Which treatment requires skin care precautions to avoid lotion and powders on the site?
What is Radiation. (external beam)
Interpret this staging: T1 N0 M0.
What is Small localized tumor, no nodes, no metastasis (Stage I).
Define the difference between curative and palliative treatment.
What is Curative = eliminate disease. Palliative = relieve symptoms, improve quality of life.
What is the primary purpose of a bone marrow transplant?
What is Replace diseased marrow with healthy stem cells.
Using the CAUTION acronym, explain what the 'U' stands for and provide an example scenario.
What is U’ = Unusual bleeding or discharge. Example: Post-menopausal vaginal bleeding.
A patient asks why chemotherapy causes hair loss but radiation does not. How would you explain this?
What is chemotherapy affects rapidly dividing cells throughout the body.
Radiation is localized.
Interpret this staging: T2 N1 M0.
What is Larger tumor, spread to nearby lymph nodes, no metastasis (Stage II/III depending on size).
A 34-year-old with localized testicular cancer undergoes surgery. What is the treatment goal?
What is Curative.
What are neutropenic precautions and why are they important after Bone Marrow Transplant?
What is Precautions to avoid infection: mask use, no fresh flowers, avoid crowds.
A 52-year-old with a history of smoking presents with a persistent cough. Is this an early warning sign, a modifiable risk factor, or both?
What is both.
Smoking is a modifiable risk factor; persistent cough is an early warning sign.
Identify two common lab values that must be monitored during chemotherapy and explain why.
What is WBC (neutropenic risk) and Platelets (bleeding risk).
Interpret this staging: T3 N2 M1.
What is Advanced disease with nodal involvement and distant metastasis (Stage IV).
A 72-year-old with metastatic lung cancer is receiving hospice care. What is the treatment goal?
What is Palliative.
List two teaching points for patients before undergoing Bone Marrow Transplant.
What is Explain procedure, risk of infection, long recovery.
List two recommended cancer screenings for women over age 50.
What is Mammogram and colonoscopy.
List two priority nursing interventions for a patient receiving external beam radiation.
What is maintain skin integrity, and fatigue management.
Why is lymph node involvement important in staging and prognosis?
What is it shows spread beyond primary site, worsening prognosis.
A 50-year-old undergoing chemotherapy to reduce tumor size before surgery. What is the goal?
What is Control/ reduce tumor size for surgery.
What is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)?
What is Immune cells from donor attack host tissues.
A patient reports a mole that has changed color and size. What would you advise them to do?
What is see a healthcare provider for evaluation and possible biopsy.
Compare systemic vs. localized effects: which treatment is systemic and which is localized?
Explain how staging influences treatment options and patient outcomes.
What is Guides prognosis and determines surgery, chemo, radiation plans.
Why is it important for nurses to clarify treatment goals with patients and families?
What is Aligns care with patient wishes and prevents misunderstanding.
Explain why strict infection prevention is critical after a bone marrow transplant.
What is Because immune system is suppressed and patient highly vulnerable.