Vocabulary
What is apoptosis?
_____ first stage of the CELL CYCLE during which a cell grows, matures and replicates its DNA.
What is interphase?
_____is the second stage in MITOSIS in which motor proteins pull chromosomes into the cell's equator (replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, with the help of spindle fibers).
What is metaphase?
Cancer is caused by:
A. damage to the plasma membrane of a cell
B. mutations to parts of DNA that code for cell cycle regulation
C. underactive spindle fibers
D. an abnormally slow cell cycle, which can lead to tumors
What is B. mutations to parts of DNA that code for cell cycle regulation?
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fsPkY96RiLtr6Mdd0N9n4f9UxYzFfN96AaSmssb2_AU/edit
What stage of mitosis is shown in photo #1
What is anaphase?
A ________ is a cancer causing substance
What is a carcinogen?
A cell which is currently replicating its DNA is most likely to be in which stage of the cell cycle?
What is interphase?
_____ is the third stage of MITOSIS in which sister chromatids are pulled apart (with the help of spindle fibers) and moved to opposite ends of the cell.
What is anaphase?
______ is the uncontrolled growth and division of cells that can be caused by changes in control of the cell cycle and also may be caused by environmental factors.
What is cancer?
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fsPkY96RiLtr6Mdd0N9n4f9UxYzFfN96AaSmssb2_AU/edit
What stage of mitosis is shown in photo #2?
What is metaphase?
________ is a DNA-containing structure that carries genetic material from one generation to another.
What is a chromosome?
A cell currently in G1 phase of the cell cycle is most likely to be doing______
What is 'growing in size and performing its function'?
_____ is the cell structure that joins two sister chromatids
What is a centromere?
Which of the following does NOT help prevent cancer in cells?
A. apoptosis
B. DNA repair
C. proteins that regulate the cell cycle
D. mutations
What is D. mutations?
What is prophase?
_____ is the process of cellular reproduction occurring in 3 main stages- interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
What is the cell cycle?
What is one reason why cells remain small?
1. Transport of substances within a cell is faster and easier
2. Communication within a cell is easier
3. Diffusion is more effective
Describe cytokinesis in plant cells
What is "Cytoplasm and other cell contents are divided as a cell plate forms"?
_____ is “quality control” inspector of the cell cycle
What are cyclins/CDK?
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fsPkY96RiLtr6Mdd0N9n4f9UxYzFfN96AaSmssb2_AU/edit
What stage of mitosis is shown in photo #4?
What is telophase?
____ is the stage of the CELL CYCLE, when the cell's cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell.
What is cytokinesis?
Why does the cell replicate its DNA in S phase in the cell cycle?
What is "Each new daughter cell requires a full set of DNA to survive and function."
_____ is the term to describe how prokaryotes divide
What is binary fission?
Give 3 examples of a carcinogen?
1. UV Rays
2. Sun exposure
3. Tobacco Use
4. Alcohol
5. Asbestos
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fsPkY96RiLtr6Mdd0N9n4f9UxYzFfN96AaSmssb2_AU/edit
Choose any of the 4 photos showing the stages of mitosis.
a. Identify what stage is shown
b. Identify 2 things that happen in the cell during this stage
a.) Answers will vary depending on the photo chosen.
b.) PROPHASE: Chromatin condenses into chromosomes; nuclear envelope and nucleolus begin to disappear; spindle fibers begin to form
METAPHASE: Sister chromatids line up along the equator of the cell; spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids
ANAPHASE: Spindle fibers shorten and sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite poles
TELOPHASE: Chromosomes arrive at poles, chromosomes decondense into chromatin; nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear