Glycolysis
the area glycolysis takes place
What is the cytoplasm?
The number of steps in the krebs cycle
What is 8?
the amount of enzyme complexes in the electron transport chain
what is 5?
this type of reaction removes/gives electrons to/from molecules
what are redox reactions?
the light reactions occur in this part of the chloroplast
What is the thylakoid(space)?
This protein speeds up reactions
What is an enzyme?
This molecule in the chloroplast is excited by photons
What is chlorophyl?
the amount of ATP input for glycolysis
what is 2?
the area the krebs cycle takes place
the mitochondria
The primary electron carriers for cellular respiration
What are FAD(FADH2) and NAD+(NADH)?
this redox reaction removes electrons
What is oxidation?
these structures allow for electrons to be passed around through chlorophyl resulting in the production of ATP
What are photosystems?
this type of reaction yields -△G
What is an exergonic reaction?
This is the primary electron donor in the light reactions
What is H2O?
The reactants of glycolysis
What is glucose, 2 NAD+, 2 Pi, and 2 ADP?
The first step of the krebs cycle
What is the transfer of carbon from acetyl COA to oxaloacetate?
The last electron acceptor
What is oxygen?
this type of redox reaction adds electrons
What is reduction?
this product of the light reactions is made when electrons are passed through the cytochrome complex
What is ATP?
This biological mechanism prevents the waste of cellular building materials and prevents the overflow of certain products
What is feedback inhibition?
The two main functions of H2O in the light reactions
What is donating electrons and using H+ to create an electrochemical gradient(to drive ATP synthase)?
the products of glycolysis
What are 2 ATP, 2 NADH,2 protons(H+) and 2 pyruvate?
this is one of the molecules the krebs cycle starts with and it's also the final product
What is oxaloacetate?
The enzyme that attaches inorganic phosphate to ADP
What is ATP synthase?
this reaction turns FAD into FADH2
What is reduction?
These are the products of the light reactions that go on to the calvin cycle
What is ATP and NADPH?
Activation energy can be lowered with these(2 answers)
These are the three main similarities of the electron transport chain and the light reactions
What is the use of ATP synthase, an electrochemical gradient, and the passing of electrons?
two of these are made from glycolysis and are oxidized in the next step of cellular respiration
What is pyruvate?
the oxidation of this intermediary regenerates oxaloacetate and reduces NAD+. This intermediary is also part of the last step of the krebs cycle
What is malate?
this drives the electron transport chain
What is a proton/electrochemical gradient?
this happens to glucose in cellular respiration
What is oxidation(oxidized)?
This molecule receives electrons from chlorophyl and passes them to the primary electron acceptor
What is chlorophyl-a?
These molecules can prevent an enzyme from function properly and can be directly or indirectly involved with the active site
What are inhibitors?
this molecule splits H20 and is the strongest biological oxidizer known to man
hint: part of the light reactions
what is P680+?
This form of ATP synthesis happens when a phosphate group and ADP enter the active site of an enzyme
What is substrate level phosphorylation?
the end products of each acetyl COA in the Krebs cycle(including the amount)
What are 2 CO2, 1 ATP, 1 (regenerated)oxaloacetate, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2?
an energy coupling mechanism that uses the force of an H+ gradient to do cellular work
What is chemiosmosis?
This reaction has products with more energy than the reactants
What is an anabolic(endergonic) reaction)
The product of photosystem I?
What is NADPH?
Vitamin A is an example of this
What is a coenzyme?
This molecule, which is present in both photosystems, is the last stop before electrons exit the system
What are the primary electron acceptors?